Electromagnetic Compatibility Requirements thiab Test Methods rau AC Stabilized Power Supply
1 Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
Electromagnetic Compatibility yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob. Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias cov khoom lag luam zoo yog tsim los ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: cov qauv zoo thiab cov ntsuas kev ua haujlwm. Cov yav dhau los suav nrog cov qauv dav dav, uas yog, IEC thoob ntiaj teb, thiab cov qauv qauv tsim los ntawm lub tebchaws hauv Suav teb; tom kawg yog cov kev cai ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab nws cov kev cai. Electromagnetic compatibility thiab kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum yog cov qauv yooj yim. Tam sim no EMC tau tsim ib qho kev ua tiav los ntawm cov qauv hauv paus, cov qauv sib xws, cov qauv hauv tsev neeg, thiab cov qauv khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj txoj cai tshwj xeeb rau lub hom phiaj no thoob ntiaj teb. Piv txwv li, European Union tau tsim cov kev cai, hais tias txij Lub Ib Hlis 1, 1996, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj tsim nyog ntawm kev tswj xyuas hluav taws xob qis (LV Directive) thiab kev tswj xyuas hluav taws xob sib raug zoo (EMC Directive) ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem muag hauv lub khw. Tau ntau xyoo, EMC cov qauv tshiab tau raug tso tawm hauv Suav teb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau taw qhia tias cov txheej txheem IEC EMC tseem yuav hloov kho dua tshiab los ntawm cov qauv qub lossis cov qauv qub rau cov qauv kev cai, thiab cov qauv EMC tseem ceeb hauv lub tebchaws tseem yuav raug hloov kho tas li thiab tso tawm, thiab cov ntawv tshiab kawg yuav muaj yeej rau cov kev xeem EMC. .
Lub npe hu ua EMC yog txhais hauv GB/T4365-1996 "Electromagnetic Compatibility Terminology" raws li: lub peev xwm ntawm lub cuab yeej lossis lub cev ua haujlwm ib txwm nyob hauv nws qhov chaw electromagnetic yam tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam rau txhua yam hauv ib puag ncig. Qhov no txhais tau hais txog peb yam. Ua ntej, qhov kev txwv ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam. Electromagnetic cuam tshuam yog nyob txhua qhov chaw, tab sis nws tuaj yeem raug txwv los ntawm cov qauv zoo thiab nws qhov kev phom sij tuaj yeem raug txwv los ntawm kev siv tshuab. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov txwv tus nqi ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam xa tawm yuav tsum tau teev tseg rau cov khoom lag luam kom ntseeg tau tias ib puag ncig electromagnetic tsim nyog. Qhov thib ob, kev tiv thaiv ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov khoom yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm ib txwm nyob rau hauv lub electromagnetic ib puag ncig nrog cov kev cai electromagnetic cuam tshuam kev siv tsis tau txo nws cov Performance index. Thib peb, kev tsim qauv thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm ib puag ncig electromagnetic. Qhov ntawd yog hais tias, noj ib qho kev ntsuas tawm tsam electromagnetic cuam tshuam tsis tuaj yeem ua rau qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm nws tus kheej lossis lwm yam khoom lossis cov tshuab hauv tib qhov chaw electromagnetic, thiab tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke ntawm tus phooj ywg "kev thaj yeeb". Piv txwv li, txhawm rau txo cov kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam, lub capacitor txuas nrog nyob rau tib lub sijhawm ntawm kab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov kab hauv av. Rau cov khoom siv, lub peev xwm ntawm lub capacitor yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li qhov txwv tus nqi ntawm lub teb chaws tus qauv rau cov dej ntws tam sim no; rau qhov system, nws yuav tsum raug tiv thaiv los ntawm kev ua ib qho kev cuam tshuam kev sib txuas ntawm qhov system thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov system ua haujlwm. Yog li, EMC kuaj ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum muaj ob yam:
(1) Ntsuam xyuas qhov kev siv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam nws xa mus rau lub ntiaj teb sab nraud kom paub meej tias nws puas ua tau raws li qhov txwv tus nqi uas tau teev tseg hauv cov qauv tsim nyog;
(2) Ua ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas rhiab heev nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig electromagnetic tej yam kev mob ntawm lub electromagnetic cuam tshuam kev siv zog kom paub meej tias nws ua tau raws li kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv raws li teev nyob rau hauv cov qauv tsim.
Ob qho no yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Electromagnetic Interference lossis Electromagnetic Disturbance thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv kom muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv EMC qhov project test; lo lus Susceptibili-ty feem ntau yog siv nyob rau tom kawg. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam yog nyob ntawm lub zog ntawm qhov cuam tshuam, txoj kev sib txuas ntawm kev cuam tshuam, thiab qhov rhiab heev ntawm cov khoom siv rau kev cuam tshuam. Yog li ntawd, cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab cov kev sim rau EMC hauv cov qauv tsim tsis yog tsuas yog muab faib ua cov khoom sib txawv raws li cov khoom sib txawv thiab hom, tab sis kuj tau muab faib ua ob pawg raws li kev sib txawv ntawm kev sib kis ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam: uas yog, kev cuam tshuam thiab tawg. cuam tshuam. Cov qub feem ntau kuaj xyuas qhov kev siv zog thiab ntau zaus ntawm lub zog zaus zog sib haum xeeb thiab lub suab nrov nrov uas cov khoom siv hauv kev sim ua tawm sab nraud los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob lossis cov teeb liab kab, uas yog nyob ze-tsav thiab induction teb cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam. Lub tom kawg kuaj pom qhov siv thiab ntau zaus ntawm lub xov tooj cua zaus lub suab nrov ncaj qha los ntawm cov cuab yeej hauv kev sim, uas yog tsom rau qhov cuam tshuam deb ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, lub ntiaj teb no lub zej lub zos tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau ob qho tib si ntawm lub hwj chim mov kev sib raug zoo cuam tshuam thiab kev tiv thaiv cov khoom. Cov qub koom nrog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob pej xeem. Cov tom kawg yog los xyuas kom meej qhov kev cia siab ntawm cov khoom siv los yog qhov system. Vim li no, ntau tus qauv kuj tseem tshwj xeeb cais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib haum xeeb tam sim no cov ntsiab lus thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv raws li ob qho kev cai tseem ceeb los ntawm EMC qhov project, thiab cais lawv ua cov khoom sib cais. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias rau lub zej zog cov ntaub ntawv, qhov poob los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txawv txav ntawm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis feem ntau nyuaj rau kev ntsuas hauv txiaj. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tej yam kev mob uas nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom zam tag nrho cov electromagnetic cuam tshuam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv cov kev cai electromagnetic ib puag ncig.
Tshwj xeeb, ntxiv rau kev lees paub seb EMC kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub teb chaws thiab kev lag luam cov qauv hauv kev sim niaj hnub ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb EMC los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom (raws li cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, tsis muaj EMC tsim thiab kev ntsuam xyuas zoo. tau ua tiav thiab txaus Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev xeem dhau EMC), thiab nws tseem tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud ntawm cov khoom thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev ntsuas cuam tshuam, thiab nrhiav cov laj thawj tshwj xeeb (qhov chaw thiab txoj hauv kev. ) ntawm cov khoom raug puas ntsoog los ntawm EMC kuaj thiaj li yuav tau txais cov kev ntsuas sib xws. ntsuas. Yog li ntawd, kev xeem EMC ntawm thawj theem ntawm cov khoom tsim thiab kev ua tiav tiav yog ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb rau cov khoom lag luam nkag mus rau kev lag luam. Los ntawm lwm qhov kev xav, kev nkag siab txog EMC kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom thiab kev pom zoo ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Tag nrho cov no yuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab txog EMC kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ntsuas kev paub.
Kev ntsuas EMC ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj nws cov kev cai tshwj xeeb, uas tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv no. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob yog siv los ua lub zog sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (feem ntau yog lub mains) thiab cov khoom siv thauj khoom (feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis cov cuab yeej uas nkag siab rau electromagnetic cuam tshuam). Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los xyuas kom meej tias qhov txuas txuas tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. malfunction lossis kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, EMC cov kev cai rau cov khoom siv fais fab yog ib txwm siab dua lwm cov khoom. Qhov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm no yog EMC tus qauv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xav tau tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tso tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas kom muaj kev cuam tshuam raws li. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev (xws li UPS), thiab cov khoom raug muag raws li cov khoom lag luam, ces cov khoom yuav raug kuaj EMC thib ob. Thawj zaug yog sim EMC cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm tau teev tseg hauv cov khoom tus kheej cov qauv; lub sijhawm thib ob yog ua qhov kev xeem EMC raws li cov neeg siv kev xav thiab lub kaw lus uas nws koom.
Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qhov cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic los ntawm lub mains yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab qhov phem tshaj ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam. Ntev npaum li hom kev cuam tshuam no tuaj yeem daws tau, qhov teeb meem tiv thaiv kab mob yuav raug daws. Yog li ntawd, qee cov neeg hais tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no yog "ib lub tshuab, peb daim", uas yog, khoos phis tawj thiab kho vajtse, software, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, AC stabilized fais fab mov raws li lub zog sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis, yuav tsum muaj lub zog lim dej ua haujlwm, yam tsawg kawg nws yuav tsum muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj thiab cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam. Qhov no yuav tsum raug suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm AC fais fab mov. Lawm, rau AC stabilized fais fab mov nrog kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam, nws yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog txhim kho nws cov kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam, tab sis kuj muaj EMC kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas txuas nrog nws cov zis thiab nkag siab rau EMI, kom tau txais ntau dua EMC * * Margin, qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam AC tswj fais fab nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm purifying lub suab nrov. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm lub hauv paus rau kev sau SJ/T10541-94 "Cov Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev cuam tshuam AC Stabilized Power Supply".
Ntawm qhov tod tes, qee qhov kev xav tau zoo ib yam li EMC tau raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, qhov cuam tshuam qhov hluav taws xob ntawm AC tswj fais fab mov thiab tag nrho cov txheeb ze sib haum xeeb cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov zis voltage. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov khoom EMC uas tsuas yog nkag siab rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog tam sim no, xws li tiv thaiv lub zog zaus sib nqus teb cuam tshuam, electrostatic tawm, hluav taws xob electromagnetic cuam tshuam, thiab lwm yam, yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam me me rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog, yog li lawv tsis muaj npe raws li qhov tsim nyog hauv SJ/T10541-94 Cov khoom xeem. Ua li no, EMC cov cai rau AC tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txawv ntawm lwm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob.
2 EMC kuaj cov khoom thiab cov cai
EMC kev xeem yuav tsum tau muab faib ua 3 pawg raws li cov khoom siv: uas yog, ** qeb, kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam ib puag ncig siv qeb, thiab kev siv pej xeem thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig. Cov khoom xeem, cov kev xav tau, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm ob lub tom kawg yog qhov sib xws, thiab qhov sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv cov kev cai rau cov ntsuas. Cov qeb ** txawv heev ntawm ob pawg tom kawg vim nws siv tshwj xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev siv, aviation thiab marine cov cuab yeej muaj cov kev xav tau zoo ib yam li cov khoom siv tub rog, thiab muaj cov qauv dav dav thoob ntiaj teb thiab cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb. Raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv AC tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muag hauv khw, kab lus no tsom mus rau ob pawg tom kawg.
Raws li kev saib xyuas ntau ntxiv rau EMC cov teeb meem hauv zej zog, suav nrog ntau txoj haujlwm thiab cov khoom lag luam, IEC tau kho EMC cov cai raws li tus qauv hauv IEC. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb IEC61000 series qauv. Cov qauv no tau raug suav hais tias nyob thoob ntiaj teb raws li tus qauv dav dav nrog qhov tseem ceeb ib yam li lub teb chaws tus qauv. Ib tug ntawm lawv, IEC61000-4 "Tsev Technology", yog tus qauv yooj yim rau kev taw qhia EMC kuaj. Txij li thaum EMC thev naus laus zis yog qhov nyuaj, ntau txoj kev qhuab qhia, thiab hloov kho cov thev naus laus zis tas li, cov khoom ntsuas EMC cuam tshuam, cov kev xav tau, thiab cov txheej txheem tseem raug kho thiab txhim kho tas li. Yog li ntawd, ntau yam khoom hauv IEC61000-4 tseem tsis tau raug tso tawm thiab tseem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv. Txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim rau cov neeg nyeem kom nkag siab txog qhov kev paub no, peb yuav qhia txog cov haujlwm uas suav nrog AC tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab tsom mus rau IEC cov haujlwm uas tau txais los ntawm cov qauv hauv tebchaws.
