Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm ntawm DC Voltage Regulator
DC tswj fais fab mov yog 220V kev lag luam zaus hloov tam sim no rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tswj hluav taws xob, nws yuav tsum tau hloov pauv, kho, lim, tswj plaub qhov txuas kom tiav. Cov ntsiab cai ua haujlwm ntawm plaub qhov txuas yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) fais fab transformer: ib kauj ruam-down transformer, nws yuav grid 220V AC voltage hloov dua siab tshiab raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm AC voltage, thiab xa mus rau lub rectifier Circuit Court, transformer ratio yog txiav txim los ntawm lub transformer theem nrab voltage.
(2) rectifier lim Circuit Court: lub rectifier Circuit Court converts AC voltage Ui rau hauv pulsating DC voltage. Thiab tom qab ntawd lim los ntawm lub lim dej kom lim tawm cov khoom loj dua ripple, cov zis ripple me dua DC voltage U1. Feem ntau siv rectifier lim circuit muaj tag nrho-yoj rectifier lim, choj rectifier lim.
(3) lim Circuit Court: lub rectifier Circuit Court tso zis voltage nyob rau hauv lub AC tivthaiv feem ntau lim tawm, thiaj li kom tau ib tug kuj du DC voltage lim capacitance C kom tau raws li RL-C=(3 ~ 5) T / 2, los yog T rau lub sij hawm input AC teeb liab, RL rau lub rectifier lim Circuit Court sib npaug load kuj.
(4) voltage regulator Circuit Court: kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub regulator Circuit Court yog kom stabilize cov zis DC voltage, tsis hloov nrog AC daim phiaj voltage thiab load hloov. Feem ntau siv integrated voltage regulator muaj ib tug tsau peb-terminal regulator thiab adjustable peb-terminal regulator. Feem ntau siv adjustable zoo voltage integrated regulator CW317 (LM317) series, lawv cov zis voltage los ntawm 1.25V-37 volts adjustable, qhov yooj yim Circuit Court sab nraud Cheebtsam tsuas yog ib tug ruaj resistor thiab ib tug potentiometer. Nws cov nti muaj kev hloov pauv, overheating thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm tiv thaiv, qhov siab tshaj plaws tso zis tam sim no ntawm 1.5 A. Nws cov kab hluav taws xob raug pom hauv qab no, nyob rau hauv uas cov resistor R1 thiab potentiometer R2 tsim cov zis voltage regulator, qhov kev qhia ntawm cov zis voltage Uo: Uo=1.25 (1 + R2 / R1) nyob rau hauv uas R1 feem ntau yog coj raws li qhov 120-240 ohms, qhov tso zis sab ntawm cov zis sab ntawm qhov voltage qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hloov kho yog siv voltage ntawm tus regulator (tus nqi ntawm 1.25V).
Circuit Court, D5, D6 thiab C1 ua ke los tsim ib tug puv-yoj rectifier lim Circuit Court, lub input AC zog hloov mus rau DC; Q1, Q2 yog tsim los ntawm Darlington tua-raws Circuit Court, Q1 yog lub npe hu ua lub raj hloov, Q2 yog lub npe hu ua lub laub raj, lub hwj huam mov rau lub load; Q3, D8, R2, R3, RW1 ua ke los tsim cov zis voltage sampling tsis zoo tawm tswv yim Circuit Court, Q3 yog lub npe hu ua ib tug sampling amplifier raj, D8 yog lub npe hu ua lub reference regulator raj, no ib feem ntawm cov zis voltage yog siv los stabilize; Q4, R5 tso zis tam sim no sampling Circuit Court los muab kev tiv thaiv overcurrent rau cov zis; C5 rau cov zis lim capacitor. Raws li cov regulator thiab cov load txheeb ze rau cov tswv yim yog txuas nrog nyob rau hauv series, yog li no lub hwj chim mov yog hu ua series-hom DC tswj fais fab mov.
220V alternating tam sim no los ntawm lub hwj chim transformer step-down rau low-voltage alternating tam sim no, los ntawm D5, D6, C1 muaj li ntawm tag nrho-yoj rectifier lim Circuit Court rectifier lim rau hauv DC, xa mus rau Darlington txhaj tshuaj nrog Circuit Court, thiab thaum kawg los ntawm txhaj nrog rau lub Circuit Court rau lub load los muab ib tug DC voltage VO, qhov luaj li cas ntawm qhov voltage VO los ntawm kev siv voltage VREF thiab sampling ceg ntawm lub divider ratio txiav txim. Thaum cov zis hluav taws xob VO vim qee qhov laj thawj tam sim no nce, qhov tso zis hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv tam sim no ntawm Q3 yuav nce, uas ua rau lub hauv paus tam sim no ntawm lub xov tooj cua raws li Circuit Court txo qis, qhov kev tiv thaiv sab hauv ntawm lub raj kho tau nce, lub raj. voltage poob nce, qhov tso zis voltage VO txo; Thaum cov zis voltage VO tam sim no txo qis, cov khoom siv tam sim no ntawm cov zis voltage sampling Circuit Court ntawm Q3 yuav txo qis, lub hauv paus tam sim no ntawm lub xov tooj cua hauv qab no nce, lub raj hluav taws xob poob qis, kom cov zis voltage VO txo, thiab cov voltage poob qis. Thaum cov zis voltage sampling Circuit Court Q3 collector tam sim no yuav raug txo, lub hauv paus tam sim no ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tom qab Circuit Court yuav raug nce, lub raj voltage yuav raug txo, kom cov zis voltage VO kuj nce; cov txheej txheem saum toj no ua rau cov zis voltage stabilized ntawm ib tug tej yam voltage nqi, thiaj li kom paub qhov voltage tswj. Los ntawm kev kho RW1, qhov loj ntawm qhov tso zis hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov pauv.
Thaum lub load tam sim no tshaj li qhov tso zis tam sim no, qhov hluav taws xob poob ntawm R5 yuav ua rau Q4 conductive, yuam kom qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub xov tooj cua raws li Circuit Court kom txo qis, qhov kev tiv thaiv sab hauv nce, lub raj hluav taws xob poob nce, cov zis tam sim no ntawm lub xov tooj cua -raws li Circuit Court yog txwv, thiab cov zis voltage txo, yog li ua lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub overcurrent tiv thaiv, cov qauv no belongs rau lub tam sim no-limiting hom tiv thaiv Circuit Court.
Tawm tswv yim 220V AC voltage tom qab transformer step-down, rectifier diode rectifier tso zis rau pulsating DC voltage, nrog ib tug loj voltage ripple, tom qab capacitor C1, C2, C3 du lim tso zis voltage yog tus du, thiab ces input rau lub regulator Circuit Court, koj muaj peev xwm tau ib tug ruaj khov, voltage ripple yog heev me me DC tswj fais fab mov ntawm cov zis.
