Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ntsuas ntsuas lub suab ntsuas
Lub suab ntsuas ntsuas, tseem hu ua suab nrov ntsuas, yog qhov ntsuas suab nrov tshaj plaws. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob, tab sis txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li voltmeter. Thaum hloov cov suab paj nruag rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob, lub sij hawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg lub pob ntseg teb ceev rau lub suab tsis tuaj yeem simulated; Cov yam ntxwv zaus nrog qhov sib txawv rhiab heev rau qhov siab thiab qis zaus, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv siv zog uas hloov cov yam ntxwv zaus ntawm cov suab nrov sib txawv. Yog li, lub suab ntsuas ntsuas yog ib qho cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob.
Lub teeb liab rau lub suab nrov: Binary teeb liab rau suab nrov piv, tseem hu ua SNR lossis SNR, hais txog qhov sib piv ntawm cov teeb liab muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub suab nrov tsis muaj zog (qhov sib piv ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws tsis muaj suab nrov teeb liab siv los ntawm lub suab nrov thiab lub suab nrov nrov tawm. ib txhij, feem ntau qhia hauv decibels (dB))
Piv txwv li, peb paub tias thaum mloog xov tooj cua lossis kaw suab paj nruag ntawm lub tshuab kaw suab, yeej ib txwm muaj ntau yam suab nrov hauv tus neeg hais lus ntxiv rau kev tshaj tawm thiab suab paj nruag. Qee lub suab nrov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm xob laim, lub cev muaj zog, khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam; Qee qhov yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nws tus kheej. Tag nrho cov suab nrov no hu ua suab nrov. Lub suab me me, qhov pom tseeb ntawm kev tshaj tawm thiab suab paj nruag. Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob electroacoustic, feem ntau siv cov kev taw qhia ntawm "sib nqus-rau-suab nrov piv". Qhov sib piv ntawm lub teeb liab-rau-lub suab nrov yog hais txog qhov sib piv ntawm cov teeb liab muaj txiaj ntsig S rau lub suab nrov N, uas yog S / N.
Weighted: Weighted, tseem hu ua weighted los yog auditory nyiaj them, muaj ob lub ntsiab lus: ib tug yog cov khoom kho kho ntxiv rau qhov ntsuas tus nqi txiav txim siab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv thaum lub sij hawm ib txwm siv thiab ntsuas, uas yog hu ua weighting. Los yog nws tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo li: kev kho coefficient ntxiv hauv kev ntsuas kom raug cuam tshuam cov khoom ntsuas (uas kuj yog tus qauv tsim los ntawm lub teb chaws los koom ua ke ntsuas suab nrov). Thaum ntsuas lub suab nrov, vim lub siab rhiab heev ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg mus rau 1-5kHz thiab insensitivity rau cov khoom siv tsawg zaus, thaum ntsuas cov suab nrov ntawm qhov kev xav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum hnyav txhua feem ntawm lub suab spectrum. Ntawd yog, thaum ntsuas lub suab nrov, nws yuav tsum dhau los ntawm lub lim sib npaug rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub suab nrov kom muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub pob ntseg qhov kev xav tau ntawm 3000Hz thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm 60Hz. Qhov no yog hu ua qhov hnyav. Vim qhov zaus teb ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg sib txawv nrog lub suab nrov, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav yog siv rau cov suab sib txawv ntawm qhov nrov nrov lossis qib siab. Tam sim no, qhov hnyav nkhaus A feem ntau yog siv, thiab qhov ntsuas tus nqi ntawm qhov A-hnyav nkhaus yog sawv cev hauv dBA.
Zaus hnyav (hnyav network): Yuav kom simulate qhov sib txawv rhiab heev ntawm tib neeg auditory xaav ntawm txawv frequencies, muaj ib tug network uas yuav simulate lub auditory yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg thiab kho hluav taws xob teeb liab rau kwv yees li auditory xaav. Lub network no hu ua qhov hnyav network. Lub suab siab ntsuas ntsuas los ntawm qhov hnyav network tsis yog lub hom phiaj lub cev muaj nuj nqis ntawm lub suab siab (hu ua linear sound pressure level), tab sis lub suab siab kho rau kev hnov lus, hu ua weighted sound level lossis suab nrov.
