Dab tsi yog pH meter iav electrode:
Nws muaj cov iav kev txhawb nqa pas nrig, iav membrane, sab hauv siv tshuaj, sab hauv siv electrode, electrode cap, xov hlau, thiab lwm yam. Kev txhawb nqa iav; iav daim nyias nyias: tsim los ntawm cov iav membrane uas yog rhiab heev rau hydrogen ions thiab muaj cov khoom xyaw tshwj xeeb. Lub iav daim nyias nyias yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub teeb; lub noob tau sau nrog cov tshuaj siv sab hauv (ib qho tshuaj sib xyaw ntawm nruab nrab phosphate thiab potassium chloride); ib qho kev siv hluav taws xob sab hauv (feem ntau yog nyiaj / nyiaj chloride electrode) tau muab tso rau thiab kaw nrog lub hau electrode rub tawm cov hlau thiab nruab lub qhov (socket) los ua pH qhia electrode. Qhov feem ntau siv qhia cov electrode muag hauv khw yog 231 iav pH electrode.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov iav electrode yog ib qho hemispherical spherical iav zaj duab xis txuas nrog rau qis kawg ntawm lub iav raj thiab ua los ntawm iav tshwj xeeb (nws muaj pes tsawg leeg: cov feem ntau ntawm SiO2, Na2O thiab CaO yog 0.72, { {4}}.22 thiab 0.06 feem), nrog rau zaj duab xis thickness ntawm 50 μm. Lub iav zaj duab xis pob tau ntim nrog ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm HCl tov (feem ntau yog 0.1mol²dm-3 HCI), thiab ib lub xov hlau nyiaj uas npog nrog txheej nyias ntawm AgCl tau muab tso rau hauv HCl tov, thiab tom qab ntawd txuas nrog cov xaim rau tsim ib lub iav electrode.
Thaum lub iav electrode yog immersed nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau ntsuas, sab hauv thiab sab nrauv ntawm lub iav zaj duab xis swell vim dej nqus los ua ob tsis tshua muaj heev nyias hydration gel khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, thaum nruab nrab yog tseem yog ib tug qhuav iav txheej. Thaum ntsuas pH, kev sib pauv ion yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm sab nraud ntawm cov iav membrane thiab cov tshuaj pH yuav tsum ntsuas, thiab H + ions yuav nkag mus thiab tawm; Ib yam li ntawd, qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm sab hauv ntawm cov iav membrane thiab 0.1mol²dm-3 HCI cov tshuaj hauv daim nyias nyias yuav tshwm sim. Hauv kev sib pauv ion, H + ions kuj nkag thiab tawm. Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm H + ion concentration nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj ntawm ob sab ntawm lub iav daim nyias nyias thiab lub zog ntawm ion diffusion nyob rau hauv lub hydration gel txheej ntawm lub iav membrane, ib tug kuj ruaj khov muaj peev xwm sib txawv yog maj mam tsim ntawm ob theem interfaces nyob rau sab nraud. ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab sab hauv ntawm daim nyias nyias, uas yog hu ua membrane muaj peev xwm. Txij li thaum C (H +) nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj HCl nyob rau sab hauv ntawm daim nyias nyias=0.1mol²dm-3, nws yog tus nqi tas li. Thaum qhov teeb meem ntawm ion diffusion nyob rau hauv lub iav daim nyias nyias yog ruaj khov, nws qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm daim nyias nyias kuj yog tus nqi tas li, yog li lub peev xwm membrane tsuas yog nyob ntawm sab nraud ntawm daim nyias nyias. H + concentration (C (H +)) nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj pH yuav tsum ntsuas. Tom qab lub peev xwm membrane tau ua ke nrog lub peev xwm ntawm AgCl-Ag electrode, cov electrode muaj peev xwm ntawm cov iav electrode tau txais: φ iav electrode=φ0 iav electrode + (2.30 3RT/2F) ³lg [C (H+)] / C0] 2;
