Ntsuas Cov Ntsiab Cai, Hom thiab Calibration ntawm Illuminance Meters
1. Ntsuas lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm illuminance meter:
Photovoltaic cells yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas ncaj qha hloov lub teeb lub zog rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Thaum lub teeb cuam tshuam rau saum npoo ntawm selenium photovoltaic cell, qhov teeb meem teeb dhau los ntawm cov hlau nyias zaj duab xis 4 thiab mus txog qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm semiconductor selenium txheej 2 thiab cov hlau nyias zaj duab xis 4, tsim cov nyhuv photoelectric ntawm lub interface. Qhov loj ntawm qhov generated muaj peev xwm sib txawv muaj ib tug proportional kev sib raug zoo nrog lub illuminance ntawm lub teeb-tau txais nto ntawm lub photocell. Lub sijhawm no, yog tias ib qho kev sib txuas sab nraud txuas nrog, qhov tam sim no yuav ntws, thiab tus nqi tam sim no yuav qhia rau ntawm microammeter nrog lux (Lx) raws li qhov ntsuas. Qhov loj ntawm photocurrent nyob ntawm qhov siv ntawm qhov teeb meem teeb meem thiab qhov tsis kam nyob rau hauv Circuit Court. Lub illuminance meter muaj ib qho kev hloov khoom siv, yog li nws tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov siab illuminance lossis qis illuminance. Hom illuminance meters: 1. Visual illuminance meter: siv tsis yooj yim, tsis tshua muaj neeg, tsis tshua siv 2. Photoelectric illuminance meter: Selenium photocell illuminance meter thiab silicon photocell illuminance meter yog feem ntau siv.
2. Hom illuminance meters:
1. Visual illuminance meter: siv tsis yooj yim, tsis tshua muaj siab, tsis tshua siv
2. Photoelectric illuminance meter: feem ntau siv selenium photocell illuminance meter thiab silicon photocell illuminance meter
Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab siv yuav tsum tau ntawm lub photoelectric illuminance meter:
1. Composition: Microammeter, hloov pob qhov rooj, xoom taw tes hloov kho, davhlau ya nyob twg, photocell, V (λ) kho lim, thiab lwm yam.
Feem ntau siv selenium (Se) photocell lossis silicon (Si) photocell illuminance meter, tseem hu ua lux meter
2. Yuav tsum tau siv:
① Photovoltaic cells siv selenium (Se) photocells lossis silicon (Si) photocells nrog zoo linearity; lawv tseem tuaj yeem muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo tom qab ua haujlwm ntev, thiab muaj kev nkag siab zoo; Thaum E yog siab, xaiv lub siab sab hauv photocells, uas muaj rhiab heev thiab zoo linearity, tsis yooj yim puas los ntawm lub teeb muaj zog.
② Muaj V (λ) kho lim sab hauv, uas yog tsim rau lub teeb pom kev zoo nrog cov xim sib txawv, thiab qhov yuam kev me me
③Ntxiv lub cosine lub kaum sab xis compensator (opalescent iav los yog yas dawb) nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub photocell vim hais tias thaum lub teeb meem lub kaum sab xis loj, lub photocell deviates los ntawm txoj cai cosine.
④ Lub ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntawm chav tsev kub lossis ze rau chav sov (photocell drift hloov nrog kub)
3. Calibration ntawm illuminance meter:
Calibration txoj cai:
Cia Ls vertically irradiate lub photocell → E=I/r2, hloov r kom tau tus nqi photocurrent nyob rau hauv txawv illuminance, thiab hloov lub teev tam sim no mus rau hauv lub illuminance scale raws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm E thiab i.
Txoj kev Calibration:
Siv lub teeb siv hluav taws xob teeb pom kev zoo, nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kwv yees ntawm qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo, hloov qhov kev ncua deb l ntawm lub photocell thiab cov teeb pom kev zoo, sau cov ntawv nyeem ntawm ammeter ntawm txhua qhov kev ncua deb, thiab xam qhov illuminance E los ntawm txoj cai inverse square. ntawm qhov deb E=I/r2, thiab mam li xam qhov illuminance E los ntawm Qhov no tuaj yeem tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm photocurrent i nrog cov teeb pom kev sib txawv, thiab ua rau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm photocurrent i thiab illuminance E, uas yog calibration nkhaus ntawm lub illuminance meter. Los ntawm qhov no, lub calibration ntawm lub illuminance meter yuav ua tau los ntawm kev faib lub dial ntawm lub illuminance meter.
Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau calibration nkhaus:
Lub photocell thiab galvanometer yuav tsum tau rov calibrated thaum lawv hloov; lub ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum rov ntsuas dua tom qab siv lub sijhawm (feem ntau 1-2 zaug hauv ib xyoos); lub high-precision illuminance meter yuav calibrated nrog lub teeb siv tus qauv teeb; Lub calibration ntau yam ntawm lub illuminance meter tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm qhov kev ncua deb r, thiab cov teeb pom kev sib txawv kuj tuaj yeem xaiv, thiab ib qho ammeter me me tuaj yeem xaiv.
