Yuav ua li cas ntsuas ntsuas tus nqi ntawm cov av hauv av nrog lub ntsuas? PHO MAV THAWJ UA HAUJ LWM
Ph yog dab tsi? PH yog cov lus luv rau cov lus Latin "2 {{{{} hydrogenum} hydrogen ions ntawm hydrogen ions hauv ib yam khoom. Qhov kev ua si no ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog cov acidity, nruab nrab, thiab alkalinity ntawm cov kua aqueous. Dej yog siv tshuaj lom neeg tsis muaj ions, thiab muaj cov dej ntshiab muaj sia nyob rau hauv lub xeev dawb ua ntej co dej lwg me me.
Yog tias muaj ib qho dhau ntawm hydrogen ions h +, kev daws teeb meem acidic. Acid yog ib yam khoom uas tuaj yeem ionize hydrogen ions h + hauv cov kev daws teeb meem aqueous. Ib yam li ntawd, yog oh - ions yog ionized, kev daws yuav ua alkaline. Yog li, muab H + tus nqi yog txaus los qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev daws, txawm tias nws yog acidic lossis alkaline. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob siv cov molecular concentration kev nthuav dav no rau kev muab xam, Seepict forernsen tau qhia hauv xyoo 1909 los hloov qhov tsis yooj yim thiab txhais nws tias yog "tus nqi". Kev ua lej, pH txhais tau tias yog cov neeg siv cov nqi tsis zoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj tsis zoo ntawm hydrogen ion concentration. Ntawd yog, ph =- log [h +].
PH yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab nquag ua yeeb yam cov khoom hauv dej tshuaj, thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas dej zoo. Thaum cov dej muaj paug, nws yuav ua rau hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv PHIC. Thaum dej muaj cov nyiaj ntau ntawm cov pa roj carbon dawb dawb, nws tuaj yeem txo qis ph tus nqi ntawm cov dej.
Cov qauv no siv cov ntawv PHICE rau hauv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab cov calomel electrode raws li cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob, raus hauv kev ntsuas ntsuas hluav taws xob kom tsim cov cell. Ntawm 25 degree, txhua koog ntawm ps tus nqi yog sib npaug rau 59.1MV hloov hauv hluav taws xob quab yuam. Rau txhua 59.1MV hloov hauv hluav taws xob quab yuam, tus nqi ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev daws teeb meem los ntawm ib chav. Tom qab muab txoj haujlwm nrog tus qauv ntas cov tshuaj, muab cov electrode rau hauv cov qauv kom ncaj qha ntsuas tus nqi PHO. Qhov kub sib txawv tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm qhov ntsuas kub uas tau them rau ntawm qhov ntsuas. Cov xim, cov tshuaj khib nyiab, cov tshuaj colloidal, oxidants, txo cov neeg sawv cev, thiab cov ntsev kom tsawg ntawm cov dej ua piv txwv tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev ntsuas. Tab sis hauv kev daws teeb meem zoo nkauj alkaline, yuam kev tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum muaj nyiaj ntau ntawm sodium ions yog tam sim no, ua rau nyeem tsawg dua.
