Kev faib tawm thiab kev siv ntawm optical microscope
Muaj ntau ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev kho qhov muag microscopes: raws li tus naj npawb ntawm eyepieces siv, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua binocular thiab monocular microscopes; Raws li seb daim duab puas muaj cov nyhuv stereoscopic, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua stereoscopic vision thiab non-stereoscopic vision microscopes; Raws li cov khoom ntawm kev soj ntsuam, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov kab mob lom neeg thiab cov hlau microscopes. Phase microscope, thiab lwm yam; raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus kho qhov muag, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua lub teeb polarized, theem sib piv thiab qhov sib txawv cuam tshuam qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tshuab tsom; Raws li hom teeb pom kev zoo, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua lub teeb zoo tib yam, fluorescence, lub teeb infrared thiab laser microscope; Raws li hom txais, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua qhov muag pom, Photography thiab TV microscopes, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau siv microscopes muaj xws li binocular stereo microscopes, metallographic microscopes, polarizing microscopes, thiab ultraviolet fluorescence microscopes.
Lub tshuab tso suab tso suab binocular siv lub teeb pom kev zoo dual-channel los muab cov duab peb sab rau sab laug thiab sab xis. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ob lub lens ib leeg lub raj tsom iav tso rau ntawm ib sab, thiab cov axes ntawm ob lub raj tsim ib lub kaum sab xis pom zoo ib yam li qhov tsim thaum tib neeg pom ib yam khoom nrog lub koob yees duab, yog li tsim cov duab peb sab stereoscopic. Binocular stereo microscopes tau siv dav hauv kev ua haujlwm slicing thiab microsurgery hauv thaj chaw ntawm biology thiab tshuaj; hauv kev lag luam, lawv tau siv rau kev soj ntsuam, sib dhos thiab tshuaj xyuas cov khoom me me thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke.
Metallographic microscope yog ib lub tshuab tsom tsom tshwj xeeb uas siv los soj ntsuam cov qauv metallographic ntawm cov khoom opaque xws li hlau thiab ntxhia. Cov khoom opaque no tsis tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lub teeb pom kev zoo tib yam, yog li qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm metallographic thiab cov microscopes zoo tib yam yog qhov qub yog illuminated los ntawm lub teeb pom kev, thaum lub tom kawg yog illuminated los ntawm kis lub teeb. Nyob rau hauv ib tug metallographic microscope, lub illumination beam yog projected los ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub hom phiaj lens mus rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam, reflected los ntawm cov khoom nto thiab ces rov qab mus rau lub hom phiaj lens rau imaging. Txoj kev teeb pom kev zoo no kuj tau siv dav hauv kev tshawb nrhiav kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm silicon wafers.
Ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy yog lub tshuab tsom iav uas siv lub teeb ci ultraviolet kom zoo siab fluorescence rau kev soj ntsuam. Qee cov qauv tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov ntsiab lus hauv lub teeb pom kev, tab sis tom qab dyeing, pom lub teeb tuaj yeem tawm vim fluorescence thaum irradiated nrog ultraviolet lub teeb, tsim cov duab pom. Cov microscopes no feem ntau siv hauv biology thiab tshuaj.
Television microscopes thiab charge-coupler microscopes yog microscopes uas lub hom phiaj lub koob yees duab TV lossis lub charge-coupler yog siv los ua cov khoom tau txais. Lub hom phiaj lub koob yees duab hauv TV lossis lub charger them nyiaj raug teeb tsa rau ntawm cov duab tiag tiag ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav los hloov tib neeg lub qhov muag ua tus txais, thiab cov duab kho qhov muag tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov duab ntawm cov teeb liab hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv optoelectronic, thiab tom qab ntawd ntsuas qhov loj me, particle suav, thiab lwm yam yog ua rau nws. Hom tshuab ntsuas no tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog lub khoos phis tawj, uas yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev ua cov ntaub ntawv, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau qee lub sijhawm uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntau heev.
Lub tshuab ntsuas tshuab ntsuas yog lub tshuab ntsuas tshuab uas lub teeb pom kev tuaj yeem luam theej txheeb ze rau lub dav hlau. Hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas lub tshuab ntsuas ntsuas, qhov chaw saib yog txo kom ntseeg tau qhov kev daws teeb meem siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub hom phiaj lens. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, optical lossis mechanical scanning txoj kev yog siv los luam theej duab lub teeb pom kev nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw loj ntawm kev saib txheeb ze rau cov khoom nto, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua cov cuab yeej siv tau kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv loj hauv cheeb tsam duab. Hom microscope no haum rau kev soj ntsuam uas xav tau kev daws teeb meem siab, cov duab loj. Coarse focus helix: kho lub lens chim nce thiab nqis hauv ntau yam.
Fine focusing screw: kho lub lens chim nce thiab nqis hauv ib qho me me.
microscope
Lub microscope yog ib qho cuab yeej kho qhov muag uas muaj keeb kwm ntau dua 300 xyoo. Txij li thaum tsim lub tshuab microscope, tib neeg tau pom ntau yam kab mob me me thiab lub hauv paus ntawm cov kab mob - cov cell uas tsis tuaj yeem pom yav dhau los. Tam sim no, tsis yog tsuas yog optical microscopes uas tuaj yeem nthuav dav ntau dua ib txhiab zaus, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem nthuav dav ntau pua txhiab zaus, kom peb muaj kev nkag siab ntxiv txog cov cai ntawm kev ua neej nyob ntawm cov kab mob. Feem ntau ntawm cov kev sim uas tau teev tseg hauv kev qhia txog biology ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv theem nrab yuav tsum ua kom tiav los ntawm kev siv tshuab ntsuas. Yog li ntawd, kev ua tau zoo ntawm microscopes yog tus yuam sij rau kev ua tau zoo hauv kev soj ntsuam kev sim.
