Kev qhia luv luv ntawm kev xa hluav taws xob hluav taws xob microscope
piav qhia luv luv
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev kos duab ntawm electron microscope thiab optical microscope yeej ib txwm zoo ib yam, tab sis qhov txawv yog qhov qub siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ua lub teeb ci thiab electromagnetic teb li lub lens. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim tias kev nkag mus ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog heev, cov qauv siv rau lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua rau hauv cov ntu ultra-thin nrog lub thickness ntawm li 50nm. Cov kab no yuav tsum tau ua nrog ib qho ultramicrotome. Qhov loj ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ncav cuag ze li ntawm ib lab lub sijhawm, thiab nws muaj tsib ntu: lub teeb pom kev zoo, lub teeb pom kev zoo, lub tshuab nqus tsev, lub kaw lus kaw lus thiab lub zog hluav taws xob. Yog tias subdivided, cov khoom tseem ceeb yog lub lens hluav taws xob thiab cov duab kaw lus, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov phom electron, condenser, chav ua qauv, lub hom phiaj lens, diffraction mirror, nruab nrab daim iav, daim iav projection, fluorescent screen thiab lub koob yees duab tso rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev.
Lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob yog lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob uas siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los qhia sab hauv lossis saum npoo ntawm cov khoom. Lub wavelength ntawm high-speed electrons yog luv dua li qhov pom lub teeb (yoj-particle duality), thiab qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav raug txwv los ntawm lub wavelength siv, yog li qhov theoretical daws teeb meem ntawm electron microscope (txog 0.1 nm ) yog ntau dua li ntawm optical microscope (txog 200 nm).
Transmissionelectronmicroscope (TEM), hu ua kis tau tus mob electron microscope [1], ua haujlwm cov kab hluav taws xob nrawm thiab muaj zog rau cov qauv nyias nyias, thiab cov hluav taws xob sib tsoo nrog cov atoms hauv cov qauv los hloov cov kev taw qhia, yog li tsim cov khoom tawg. Lub kaum sab xis yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov ntom thiab tuab ntawm cov qauv, yog li cov duab sib txawv tuaj yeem tsim tau, thiab cov duab yuav raug tso tawm ntawm cov khoom siv duab (xws li cov ntxaij vab tshaus fluorescent, cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov khoom siv photosensitive coupling) tom qab amplification thiab tsom.
Vim hais tias lub de Broglie wavelength ntawm electrons luv heev, qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm kis tau tus mob electron microscope yog ntau dua li ntawm optical microscope, uas muaj peev xwm ncav cuag {{0}}.1 ~ 0.2 nm thiab magnification yog kaum tawm txhiab. ~ lab lub sij hawm. Yog li ntawd, qhov kis tau tus mob electron microscope tuaj yeem siv los soj ntsuam cov qauv zoo ntawm cov qauv, txawm tias cov qauv ntawm tsuas yog ib kem ntawm atoms, uas yog kaum tawm txhiab zaus me dua li cov qauv me tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem pom los ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav. TEM yog ib qho tseem ceeb analytical txoj kev nyob rau hauv ntau yam scientific teb uas muaj feem xyuam rau physics thiab biology, xws li kev tshawb fawb cancer, virology, cov ntaub ntawv science, nanotechnology, semiconductor kev tshawb fawb thiab hais txog.
Thaum lub magnification yog tsawg, qhov sib piv ntawm TEM imaging feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib txawv nqus ntawm electrons los ntawm txawv thickness thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum qhov kev nthuav dav siab, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv yuav ua rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ci ntawm cov duab, yog li kev paub txog kev txawj ntse yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas cov duab tau. Los ntawm kev siv cov qauv sib txawv ntawm TEM, cov qauv tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, siv lead ua orientation, cov qauv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob theem hloov pauv los ntawm cov qauv thiab qhov niaj zaus nqus ntawm electrons.
