Lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm lub suab nrov ntsuas (suab theem ntsuas)
Lub teeb liab suab nrov Ratio (SNR) yog qhov piv ntawm cov teeb liab muaj txiaj ntsig lub zog rau lub suab nrov tsis xav tau.
yog qhov piv ntawm cov teeb liab muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub suab nrov tsis xav tau. Nws feem ntau yog ntsuas hauv decibels. Txij li thaum lub zog yog qhov ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tam sim no thiab qhov hluav taws xob, lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv kuj tseem tuaj yeem suav nrog cov nqi hluav taws xob, piv txwv li, qhov piv ntawm cov teeb liab theem rau lub suab nrov, nrog cov qauv sib txawv me ntsis. Xam cov teeb liab-rau-nruab piv los ntawm lub zog piv: S/N=10 log Xam cov teeb liab-rau-nruab nrab ntawm qhov voltage: S/N=10 log Vim lub teeb liab-rau- suab nrov piv yog logarithmically muaj feem xyuam rau lub hwj chim los yog qhov voltage, nws yog tsim nyog los txhim kho lub teeb liab-rau-nruab piv piv, ces nws yog tsim nyog los ua kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov zis thiab qhov ratio ntawm lub suab nrov, piv txwv li: thaum lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov. piv yog 100dB, qhov tso zis voltage yog 10,{16}} lub sij hawm ntawm lub suab nrov voltage rau cov hluav taws xob circuits, qhov no tsis yog ib qho yooj yim.
Lub amplifier nrog lub teeb liab-rau-lub suab nrov piv txhais tau hais tias lub suab ntsiag to North View, thiab vim muaj suab nrov qis, ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub suab tsis muaj zog zais cia los ntawm lub suab nrov yuav raug nthuav tawm, ua rau muaj kev nce hauv cov suab nrov, muaj kev nkag siab zoo dua. ntawm huab cua, thiab nce nyob rau hauv dynamic ntau yam. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv txiav txim nruj los ntsuas seb lub teeb liab-rau-nruab nrab ntawm lub amplifier puas zoo lossis phem. Feem ntau hais lus, nws yog qhov zoo dua kom muaj lub teeb liab-rau-lub suab sib piv ntawm 85dB lossis ntau dua, thiab nws tuaj yeem hnov cov suab nrov hauv cov suab paj nruag sib txawv hauv qee qhov xwm txheej nrov yog tias nws qis dua tus nqi warped. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov sib piv ntawm lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov, ntsuas lub suab nrov ntawm lub suab nrov tuaj yeem siv lub tswv yim ntawm lub suab nrov, uas yog qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob los xam cov teeb liab-rau-nruab nrab tus nqi, tab sis tus denominator yog tus lej tas: { {11}}.775V, thaum tus lej yog lub suab nrov, yog li lub suab nrov thiab lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv ntawm feem: tus qub a ***, tom kawg yog tus lej txheeb ze.
Nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv phau ntawv nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb tom qab cov ntaub ntawv, feem ntau yuav muaj ib lo lus, lub ntsiab lus A-qhov hnyav, uas yog, qhov hnyav, qhov hnyav txhais tau hais tias ib qho nqi raws li qee cov cai uas hnyav qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov kho, vim yog tib neeg pob ntseg ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab zaus hauv qhov tshwj xeeb, yog li yog tias lub amplifier nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-frequency band teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv yog loj txaus ces, txawm tias lub teeb liab suab nrov me ntsis qis dua qhov tsawg-frequency thiab siab. -frequency bands, tib neeg pob ntseg tsis yooj yim rau kev ntes. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias yog qhov ntsuas-rau-lub suab sib piv yog ntsuas los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov hnyav, tus nqi yuav siab dua yog tias tsis siv qhov hnyav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm A-hnyav, tus nqi yog siab dua tsis muaj qhov hnyav.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau simulate qhov rhiab heev ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg ntawm ntau zaus, muaj lub network nyob rau hauv lub suab ntsuas ntsuas uas tuaj yeem simulate cov yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg, kho cov teeb liab hluav taws xob rau qhov kwv yees tus nqi ntawm kev hnov lus, thiab lub network no hu ua qhov hnyav network. Lub suab siab ntsuas ntsuas los ntawm qhov hnyav network tsis yog lub hom phiaj lub suab lub suab siab theem (hu ua linear sound pressure level), tab sis lub suab siab kho los ntawm kev hnov lus, hu ua qhov hnyav suab los yog suab nrov.
Feem ntau muaj peb hom kev tes hauj lwm hnyav, A, B thiab C. A-hnyav suab qib yog simulate cov yam ntxwv zaus ntawm tib neeg lub pob ntseg rau cov suab nrov qis qis qis dua 55dB, B-weighted suab theem yog simulate cov yam ntxwv zaus ntawm Nruab nrab-siv suab nrov los ntawm 55dB mus rau 85dB, thiab C-weighted suab yog simulate tus yam ntxwv zaus ntawm high-siv suab nrov. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm peb yog qib ntawm attenuation ntawm tsawg zaus ntawm lub suab nrov, nrog A attenuating * ntau, B tom ntej, thiab C qhov tsawg tshaj plaws. A-weighted suab theem tam sim no yog siv dav tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no lub suab ntsuas vim nws cov yam ntxwv nkhaus nyob ze rau lub auditory khoom ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg, thaum B thiab C yog maj mam tsis siv.
