Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm metallographic microscope yog dab tsi? Cov lus piav qhia ntxaws txog txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm metallographic microscope
Metallographic microscope yog ib qho cuab yeej siv hauv kev soj ntsuam, uas tuaj yeem ua ke siv tshuab kho qhov muag, tshuab photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab, thiab tshuab computer duab ua tshuab, thiab siv dav hauv cov chaw sim. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm metallographic microscope yog dab tsi? Cov editor nram qab no yuav qhia kom meej, Kuv vam tias nws tuaj yeem pab txhua tus.
Ua hauj lwm hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm metallographic microscope
Lub magnification system yog tus yuam sij rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig thiab zoo ntawm lub tshuab tsom. Nws yog tsim los ntawm lub hom phiaj lens thiab eyepiece.
Qhov loj ntawm lub microscope yog:
M zaub=L/f khoom × 250/f qhov muag=M khoom × M qhov muag Nyob rau hauv cov mis [m1] M zaub - sawv cev rau lub magnification ntawm lub microscope; [m2] M object, [m3] M object thiab [f2] f object, [f1]f qhov muag sawv cev rau qhov loj thiab focal ntev ntawm lub hom phiaj lens thiab eyepiece, feem; L yog qhov ntev ntawm optical lens chim; 250 yog lub photopic nrug. Qhov ntsuas qhov ntev yog mm.
Resolution thiab Aberrations Qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub lens thiab qib ntawm kev kho ntawm aberration defects yog cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm qhov zoo ntawm lub tshuab tsom. Hauv metallographic thev naus laus zis, kev daws teeb meem yog hais txog qhov kev daws teeb meem tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm lub hom phiaj lens rau cov khoom. Vim yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub teeb, qhov kev daws teeb meem tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm lub hom phiaj lens yog txwv. Lub German Abb tau npaj cov qauv hauv qab no rau qhov kev daws teeb meem tsawg kawg nkaus d
d=λ/2nsinφ qhov twg λ yog qhov wavelength ntawm lub teeb; n yog qhov ntsuas qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov qauv thiab lub hom phiaj lens (air;=1; turpentine:=1.5); φ yog ib nrab ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub hom phiaj lens.
Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov qauv saum toj no uas qhov kev daws teeb meem nce nrog qhov nce ntawm thiab . Vim lub wavelength ntawm pom lub teeb [kg2][kg2] yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 4000 thiab 7000. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws uas lub kaum sab xis [kg2][kg2] ze rau 90, qhov kev daws teeb meem yuav tsis siab tshaj [kg2]0.2m [kg2]. Yog li ntawd, lub microstructure me dua [kg2] 0.2m [kg2] yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug electron microscope (saib), thaum lub microstructure, tis, thiab crystallinity ntawm qhov ntsuas yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm [kg2] 0.2 ~ 500m [kg2. ] Cov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj me, nrog rau qhov tuab thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlua khi, tuaj yeem pom nrog lub tshuab ntsuas qhov muag. Qhov no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv hlau, nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem metallurgical, ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, thiab tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tsis tiav.
Lub degree ntawm kev kho aberration kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau cov duab zoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsawg magnification, lub aberration yog tsuas yog kho los ntawm lub hom phiaj lens, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm high magnification, lub eyepiece thiab lub hom phiaj lens yuav tsum tau kho ua ke. Muaj xya lub ntsiab aberrations ntawm lo ntsiab muag, ntawm uas tsib yog spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, teb curvature thiab distortion rau monochromatic teeb. Muaj ob hom longitudinal chromatic aberration thiab lateral chromatic aberration rau complex teeb. Thaum ntxov microscopes tsuas yog tsom rau kev kho ntawm chromatic aberration thiab ib nrab spherical aberration, thiab muaj cov hom phiaj achromatic thiab apochromatic raws li qib ntawm kev kho. Nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li, aberrations xws li teb curvature thiab distortion ntawm metallographic microscope cov khoom kuj tau txais kev mloog txaus. Tom qab lub hom phiaj lens thiab eyepiece raug kho rau cov aberrations, tsis tsuas yog cov duab yog meej, tab sis kuj nws flatness yuav tsum tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv ib tug loj ntau yam, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb rau metallographic microphotography. Yog li ntawd, cov hom phiaj achromatic, npaj cov hom phiaj apochromatic thiab cov eyepieces thoob plaws tau siv dav. Lub degree ntawm aberration kho tau hais los saum toj no yog cim rau ntawm lub hom phiaj lens thiab eyepiece raws li nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub lens hom.
Lub teeb ci Qhov ntxov tshaj plaws metallographic microscopes siv cov teeb pom kev dav dav rau cov teeb pom kev zoo. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov ci ntsa iab thiab teeb pom kev zoo, lub teeb hluav taws xob tsawg-voltage tungsten filament teeb, carbon arc teeb, xenon teeb, halogen teeb, mercury teeb, thiab lwm yam. Qee qhov tshwj xeeb microscopes xav tau lub teeb ci monochromatic, thiab sodium teeb thiab thallium teeb tuaj yeem tso tawm lub teeb monochromatic.
Illumination hom Metallographic microscope yog txawv ntawm biological microscope, nws tsis siv lub teeb kis tau tus mob, tab sis xav txog lub teeb pom kev, yog li yuav tsum muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb ntxiv illumination system, uas yog, ntsug illumination ntaus ntawv. Xyoo 1872, V.von Lang tau tsim cov cuab yeej no thiab ua thawj lub tshuab ntsuas metallographic. Tus thawj metallographic microscope tsuas muaj brightfield illumination, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim oblique illumination los txhim kho qhov sib piv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
