Dab tsi yog qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm optical microscope?
SKYLABS tau tshaj tawm yav dhau los "Peb puas tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab ntsuas qhov muag los soj ntsuam atoms?" "Cov kab lus tiag tiag tau hais tias peb tsis tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab ntsuas qhov muag los saib cov khoom ntawm qib atomic. Hnub no hauv qhov teeb meem no, cia kuv qhia rau koj seb qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas qhov muag yog dab tsi?
Qhov tseeb, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev daws teeb meem ntawm optical microscope tau teb los ntawm German physicist Abbe nyob rau hauv 1873. Abbe nrhiav tau cov qauv txwv ntawm optical microscope daws teeb meem los ntawm kev xam thiab derivation. Qhov txwv xam los ntawm cov qauv no tseem hu ua Abbe txwv.
Cov eyepieces thiab lub hom phiaj lo ntsiab muag siv nyob rau hauv optical microscopes yog tiag tiag convex lo ntsiab muag. Airy disks raug tsim tawm thaum lub teeb hla dhau ntawm cov lo ntsiab muag convex. Ib lub ntsiab lus uas peb pom los ntawm lub microscope tiag tiag yog qhov chaw ntawm lub teeb. Yog tias ob lub ntsiab lus uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas yog qhov sib nrug, peb tseem tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv. Tab sis yog tias ob lub ntsiab lus no zoo heev, ze heev, yog li kaw tias ob Airy disks lawv tsim sib tshooj, ces peb tsis tuaj yeem qhia tau tias nws yog ob lub ntsiab lus, thiab peb tsuas pom qhov muag plooj ib pawg xwb. Yog li ntawd, qhov loj ntawm Airy disk yeej txiav txim siab qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab tsom. Vim muaj qhov txwv tsis pub dhau, Mr. Tianzong tau tso tseg cov txheej txheem derivation ntawm no thiab muab ib qho qauv rau kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas qhov muag, raws li hauv qab no:
δ=0.61λ/(nSin )
δ: Resolution λ: Wavelength n: Refractive Index: Aperture Angle
Tom qab kev hloov pauv yooj yim, cov qauv no yog kwv yees li sib npaug ntawm 1/2 λ, uas yog hais tias, 1/2 wavelength yog qhov kev txwv ntawm kev kho qhov muag tsom iav, thiab cov tiam tom qab tau txhais nws tias "Abbe's limit".
Lub wavelength ntawm violet lub teeb nrog lub luv tshaj wavelength nyob rau hauv pom lub teeb yog hais txog 400 nanometers, thiab Abbe txwv yog hais txog 200 nanometers. Qhov ntawd yog hais tias, yog tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus tsawg dua 200 nanometers, ob lub ntsiab lus tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv ntawm optical microscope, uas yog qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm optical microscope.
