Dab tsi yog PH meter txoj kab nqes
Txoj kab nqes ntawm PH meter yog siv los ntawm PH meter los hloov cov teeb liab millivolt los ntawm electrode mus rau pH tus nqi, uas tau los ntawm kev faib qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob nrog cov sib txawv buffers los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsis pl. Txoj kab nqes hauv PH 'meter' yog raws li qhov sib npaug Nernst, thiab txoj kab nqes feem ntau tsis tshwm sim kom txog thaum qhov sib npaug yog ntsuas, thiab txoj kab nqes yog ib qho
Txoj kev nqes hav yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb los txiav txim seb lub neej ntawm cov electrode puas lawm. Feem ntau muaj peb theem ntawm electrode lub neej, txoj kab nqes ntawm cov electrode tshiab tom qab calibration yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 95% thiab 105%, yog tias txoj kab nqes qis dua 90, nws raug pom zoo kom hloov cov electrode, txwv tsis pub nws yuav cuam tshuam qhov tseeb ntawm nws qhov ntsuas.PH meter calibration nrog PH calibration kua. Txoj kev nqes hav yog xam nrog rau lub peev xwm ntawm cov electrode los ntsuas qhov kev daws teeb meem uas koj tau npaj. Peb tus qauv buffers, calibration ntawm qhov kev xaiv dav dav ntawm ob ntawm txoj kab, yog tias tag nrho peb qhov kev koom tes hauv calibration, txoj kab nqes yuav muaj qhov sib txawv.
pH meter, yog cov cuab yeej siv los txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm acidity thiab alkalinity ntawm cov tshuaj. pH meter yog kev siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov thawj cell, lub peev xwm hluav taws xob ntawm ob lub electrodes ntawm thawj lub xov tooj ntawm tes raws li Nernst txoj cai, tsis tsuas yog nrog cov electrode nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj nrog cov concentration ntawm hydrogen ions nyob rau hauv lub daws. Muaj kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ntawm cov thawj cell thiab cov concentration ntawm hydrogen ions, thiab qhov tsis zoo logarithm ntawm cov concentration ntawm hydrogen ions yog pH tus nqi. pH meter yog ib qho cuab yeej tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, uas yog siv dav hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam. Av pH yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov av. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab pH, yam xws li qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau ntsuas thiab lub zog ionic yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.
pH yog dab tsi? pH yog ib lo lus luv luv ntawm lo lus Latin "Pondus hydrogenii" (Pondus=siab, siab hydrogenium =} hydrogen), uas ntsuas qhov kev ua ntawm hydrogen ions hauv ib yam khoom. Qhov kev ua no ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau acidity, nruab nrab thiab alkalinity ntawm aqueous daws. Cov dej tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg, tab sis nws tsis yog dawb ions, thiab txawm tias cov dej ntshiab huv yog sib cais hauv cov kab ke: nruj me ntsis hais lus, cov hydrogen nuclei tsis muaj nyob hauv lub xeev dawb kom txog rau thaum lawv tau hydrated nrog dej molecules.
H2O+ H2O=H3O++ OHˉ, thiab txij li qhov concentration ntawm hydrated hydrogen ions (H3O+) raug kho raws li qhov sib npaug ntawm cov concentration ntawm hydrogen ions (H+), qhov sib npaug saum toj no tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim rau cov hauv qab no. form: H2O=H++ OHˉ.
Qhov zoo hydrogen ion ntawm no yog hais tias "H + ion" lossis "hydrogen nucleus" hauv chemistry. Lub hydrated hydrogen nucleus yog qhia raws li "hydrated hydrogen ion". Qhov tsis zoo hydroxide ion hu ua "hydroxide ion".
