Dab tsi yog polarizing microscope
Polarizing microscope yog ib hom kab mob uas siv los kawm cov ntaub ntawv pob tshab thiab opaque anisotropic. Txhua yam khoom uas muaj birefringence tuaj yeem pom meej meej nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas polarizing. Tau kawg, cov tshuaj no kuj tuaj yeem pom los ntawm staining, tab sis qee qhov ua tsis tau, thiab yuav tsum siv lub tshuab ntsuas polarizing.
(1) Cov yam ntxwv ntawm polarized lub teeb microscopes
Ib txoj hauv kev hloov lub teeb zoo tib yam rau hauv lub teeb polarized rau kev kuaj xyuas microscopic los txheeb xyuas seb cov khoom puas yog ib leeg-refractive (isotropic) lossis birefringent (anisotropic). Birefringence yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm cov muaju. Yog li ntawd, polarized lub teeb microscopy yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm minerals, chemistry, thiab lwm yam, thiab kuj muaj kev siv nyob rau hauv biology thiab botany.
(2) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm polarized light microscope
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm polarizing microscope yog qhov nyuaj dua, yog li kuv yuav tsis qhia nws ntau dhau ntawm no. Polarizing microscope yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hauv qab no: polarizer, analyzer, compensator lossis theem phaj, tshwj xeeb tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab lub hom phiaj lens, thiab rotating theem.
(3) Txoj kev polarizing microscopy
a. Orthscope: tseem hu ua distortion-dawb microscopy, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev siv lub hom phiaj qis qis tsis muaj Bertrand Lenses, thiab cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau kawm tuaj yeem kawm ncaj qha nrog lub teeb polarized. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhawm rau ua kom lub teeb pom kev aperture me dua, lub lens sab saud ntawm lub condenser raug thawb tawm. Ib txwm theem microscopy yog siv los tshuaj xyuas lub birefringence ntawm ib yam khoom.
b. Conoscope: Kuj hu ua cuam tshuam microscopy, nws kawm txog kev cuam tshuam cov qauv tsim thaum lub teeb polarized cuam tshuam. Txoj kev no yog siv los soj ntsuam uniaxial lossis biaxiality ntawm ib qho khoom. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, lub illumination yog ua nrog ib tug muaj zog converging polarized lub teeb beam.
(4) Cov kev xav tau ntawm kev teeb tsa lub teeb pom kev zoo polarized
a. Lub teeb qhov chaw: Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv lub teeb monochromatic, vim tias qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb, qhov taw qhia qhov taw qhia, thiab cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam txawv vim qhov sib txawv wavelengths. General microscopy tuaj yeem siv lub teeb pom kev zoo.
b. Eyepieces: Eyepieces nrog crosshairs.
c. Condenser: Yuav kom tau txais lub teeb pom kev sib luag, yuav tsum siv lub viav vias tawm condenser uas tuaj yeem thawb tawm lub lens sab saud.
d. Bertrand lo ntsiab muag: ib qho kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho qhov muag ntawm lub condenser, uas yog ib qho kev pab lub lens uas nthuav tawm thawj theem tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom mus rau theem nrab. Nws lav qhov kev soj ntsuam nrog lub qhov muag ntawm lub tiaj tus cuam tshuam qauv tsim nyob rau hauv lub rear focal dav hlau ntawm lub hom phiaj.
(5) Kev xav tau rau polarizing microscopy
a. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm theem yog coaxial nrog optical axis.
b. Polarizer thiab analyzer yuav tsum nyob rau hauv orthogonal txoj hauj lwm.
c. Zaj duab xis yuav tsum tsis txhob nyias dhau.
