Dab tsi yog qhov sib xyaw optical microscope?
Lub tshuab microscope yog ib qho cuab yeej uas tsim los ntawm cov lo ntsiab muag nrog cov haujlwm sib txawv thiab lub cev lub cev ntawm lub tshuab tsom. Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov duab loj loj ntawm cov khoom hauv qab kev soj ntsuam kom pom tau yooj yim. Nws feem ntau yog siv los soj ntsuam cov khoom me me uas tsis tuaj yeem pom ncaj qha ntawm lub qhov muag. Cov khoom thiab lawv cov microstructure. Feem ntau hais lus, microscopes tuaj yeem muab faib ua optical microscopes thiab electron microscopes raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm lub teeb thiab lub lens. Hais lus yooj yim, lub tshuab siv kho qhov muag siv lub teeb ua lub teeb ci, thiab tom qab tsom los ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo (iav) lub lens, cov khoom tsim cov duab rau kev soj ntsuam. Muaj cov tshuab microscopes yooj yim thiab cov khoom siv microscopes. Electron microscopes siv cov kab hluav taws xob uas muaj qhov luv luv wavelengths raws li lub teeb ci thiab tsom los ntawm electromagnetic lo ntsiab muag rau duab cov khoom me me. Tam sim no, scanning electron microscopes thiab kis electron microscopes feem ntau yog siv.
Lub teeb microscopy, feem ntau hu ua LM. Raws li qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem duab thiab cov qauv ntawm optical microscopes, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: yooj yim thiab compound microscopes.
1. Lub tshuab kuaj kab mob yooj yim
Ib qho yooj yim microscope yog tsim los ntawm ib lossis ib pawg ntawm cov lo ntsiab muag zoo (plano-convex lossis biconvex lo ntsiab muag). Hom microscope no muaj qhov ntev focal ntev. Thaum soj ntsuam, lub qhov muag yuav tsum nyob ze rau lub lens, thiab lub lens yuav tsum nyob ze rau qhov khoom. Cov duab khoom tsim los ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav yooj yim yog yooj yim distorted thiab distorted, yog li qhov magnification yog qis dua 20 zaug. Cov iav tsom iav feem ntau yog ib hom kab mob.
2. Compound microscope
Lub tshuab microscope yog tsim los ntawm ob lossis ob txheej ntawm lo ntsiab muag thiab lub cev tshuab ntawm lub tshuab microscope. Nws yog ib qho cuab yeej siv nyob rau hauv lub chaw soj ntsuam dav dav rau tib neeg los soj ntsuam cov kab mob lom. Nws kuj yog lub microscope hauv peb lub tswv yim. Hom kab mob no muaj ob lub lo ntsiab muag. Ib lub teeb yog ib lub lens ze rau cov qauv kom pom, uas yog hu ua lub hom phiaj lens lossis hu ua lub hom phiaj lens. Lwm lub teeb yog ze rau qhov muag rau kev soj ntsuam, uas yog hu ua eyepiece los yog tsuas yog lub eyepiece. Compound microscopes tuaj yeem muab faib ua stereoscopic (anatomy) microscopes thiab zoo tib yam optical microscopes vim muaj kev sib txawv thiab lub hom phiaj.
ib. Stereo (anatomy) microscope
Stereomicroscopes feem ntau yog siv los saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv sab nraud ntawm cov khoom opaque lossis cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg, lossis siv rau hauv cov kab kev lag luam thiab qee cov thev naus laus zis biomedical. Vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb ci, qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw thiab lwm yam kev yees duab, hom microscope muaj qhov loj ntawm tsawg dua 60 npaug thiab muaj kev daws teeb meem zoo dua.
