Lub suab ntsuas qhov hnyav txhais li cas?
Nws hais txog qhov piv ntawm cov teeb liab muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub suab nrov tsis muaj zog. Feem ntau Bayi ntsuas, vim hais tias lub zog yog qhov ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tam sim no thiab qhov hluav taws xob, yog li lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv kuj tuaj yeem suav nrog cov nqi hluav taws xob, uas yog, qhov sib piv ntawm theem teeb liab mus rau lub suab nrov, tab sis cov qauv kev suav yog txawv me ntsis. Xam cov teeb liab-rau-nruab nrab raws li lub zog tus nqi: S/N=10 log Xam lub teeb liab-rau-nruab nrab raws li qhov voltage: S/N=10 log Txij li thaum lub teeb liab-rau- suab nrov ratio muaj ib tug logarithmic kev sib raug zoo nrog lub hwj chim los yog voltage, yog hais tias koj xav mus txhim kho lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv, koj yuav tsum tau nce qhov sib piv ntawm tus nqi tso zis thiab lub suab nrov. Piv txwv li, thaum lub teeb liab-rau- suab nrov piv yog 100dB, qhov tso zis voltage yog 10,{16}} npaug ntawm lub suab nrov. Hais txog hluav taws xob circuits, qhov no tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim. Humidity sensor sojntsuam, , Stainless hlau hluav taws xob cua sov raj PT100 sensor, , Cam khwb cia txhuas rhaub, cua sov nplhaib kua solenoid valve
Yog hais tias lub amplifier muaj lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv, nws txhais tau tias tom qab nyob ntsiag to. Vim hais tias lub suab nrov qis, ntau lub suab tsis muaj zog cov ntsiab lus zais los ntawm lub suab nrov yuav tshwm sim, uas yuav ua rau kom lub suab nrov nrov, ntxiv dag zog rau kev nkag siab ntawm huab cua, thiab ua kom muaj zog ntau. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv txiav txim nruj los ntsuas seb lub teeb liab-rau-nruab nrab ntawm lub amplifier puas zoo lossis phem. Feem ntau hais lus, nws yog qhov zoo dua kom muaj lub teeb liab-rau-lub suab sib piv ntawm li 85dB lossis siab dua. Yog tias nws qis dua tus nqi no, nws yuav hnov ntxhiab hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov suab paj nruag hauv qee qhov xwm txheej siab. suab nrov. Ntxiv rau qhov sib piv ntawm cov teeb liab-rau-nruab nrab, lub tswv yim ntawm lub suab nrov kuj tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas lub suab nrov nrov. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb-rau-suab nrov piv tus nqi suav nrog qhov voltage, tab sis tus denominator yog tus lej tas: 0.775V, thiab tus lej yog Noise voltage, yog li qhov sib txawv ntawm lub suab nrov thiab teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv yog: tus qub yog tus lej tseeb, thiab tom kawg yog tus lej txheeb ze.
Tom qab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb cov ntaub ntawv hauv ntau phau ntawv qhia khoom, feem ntau yog lo lus A, uas txhais tau tias A-qhov hnyav, uas txhais tau tias A-hnyav. Qhov hnyav txhais tau hais tias qee tus nqi tau raug hloov kho raws li qee txoj cai los ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb. Lub pob ntseg tshwj xeeb yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau nruab nrab zaus, yog li yog tias lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv ntawm lub amplifier nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-frequency band yog loj txaus, txawm tias lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv yog me ntsis qis hauv qhov qis thiab siab frequencies, nws yuav tsis yooj yim nrhiav tau los ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias yog siv txoj kev hnyav los ntsuas lub teeb liab-rau-lub suab nrov piv, tus nqi yuav twv yuav raug siab dua qhov tsis muaj qhov hnyav. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm A qhov hnyav, nws tus nqi yuav siab dua qhov tsis muaj qhov hnyav.
Tsis tas li ntawd: Txhawm rau simulate qhov sib txawv ntawm tib neeg hnov ntxhiab ntawm ntau zaus, lub suab ntsuas ntsuas tau nruab nrog lub network uas tuaj yeem simulate qhov hnov lus ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg thiab kho cov teeb liab hluav taws xob rau qhov kwv yees tus nqi ntawm kev hnov lus. . Lub network no hu ua ib 'meter'. txoj cai network. Lub suab siab ntsuas ntsuas los ntawm qhov hnyav network tsis yog lub suab siab ntawm lub hom phiaj lub cev (hu ua linear sound pressure level), tab sis lub suab siab hloov kho los ntawm kev hnov lus, hu ua weighted sound level lossis suab nrov.
Feem ntau muaj peb hom kev tes hauj lwm hnyav: A, B, thiab C. Qib A-hnyav lub suab simulates cov yam ntxwv zaus ntawm tib neeg lub pob ntseg mus rau lub suab qis qis qis dua 55dB, B-weighted suab theem simulates zaus cov yam ntxwv ntawm nruab nrab. - siv suab nrov los ntawm 55dB txog 85dB, thiab C-qhov hnyav ntawm lub suab simulates cov yam ntxwv zaus ntawm lub suab nrov nrov. . Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm peb yog qhov degree ntawm attenuation ntawm cov khoom siv suab nrov tsawg. A attenuates tshaj plaws, B siv qhov chaw thib ob, thiab C attenuates tsawg tshaj plaws. A-hnyav suab qib yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev ntsuas suab nrov hauv ntiaj teb vim tias nws cov yam ntxwv nkhaus yog ze rau qhov hnov lus ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg. B thiab C tau maj mam tsis siv lawm.
Lub suab nrov nyeem tau los ntawm lub suab ntsuas ntsuas yuav tsum qhia qhov ntsuas ntsuas. Yog tias chav tsev yog dB thiab siv lub network A-weighted, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg ua dB (A).
