Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau metallographic microscope imaging?
Lub tshuab ntsuas metallographic tsim nyog rau kev soj ntsuam cov qauv metallographic thiab nto morphology, thiab yog cov cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws rau metallurgy, mineralogy, thiab precision engineering tshawb fawb. Lub tshuab ntsuas metallographic muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ruaj ntseg zoo, pom meej meej, kev daws teeb meem siab, qhov loj thiab tiaj tus saib. Vim tias nws qhov zoo thiab qhov ntsuas ntau ntawm cov khoom ntsuas, metallographic microscope yog cov ntsuas ntsuas dav siv hauv metallurgy, mechanical processing, technology thiab lwm yam lag luam.
Vim lub hom phiaj tej yam kev mob, tej metallographic microscope optical system tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov duab theoretically zoo tagnrho, thiab muaj ntau yam aberrations cuam tshuam rau cov duab zoo. Cov ntau yam aberrations yog luv luv qhia hauv qab no.
1. Xim txawv
Chromatic aberration yog ib qho teeb meem loj hauv cov duab ntawm metallographic microscope lo ntsiab muag. Nws tshwm sim thaum lub teeb polychromatic siv los ua lub teeb ci. Monochromatic teeb tsis tsim chromatic aberration. Lub teeb dawb yog tsim los ntawm xya hom: liab, txiv kab ntxwv, daj, ntsuab, cyan, indigo, thiab violet. Lub wavelengths ntawm txhua lub teeb yog sib txawv, yog li lub refractive index thaum dhau los ntawm lub lens kuj txawv. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, ib qho taw tes ntawm cov khoom sab yuav tsim cov xim xim ntawm sab duab. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho qhov muag yog achromatic. Chromatic aberration feem ntau muaj xws li positional chromatic aberration thiab magnification chromatic aberration. Qhov chaw chromatic aberration ua rau cov duab muaj xim me ntsis lossis halos thaum saib ntawm txhua txoj haujlwm, ua rau cov duab tsis pom tseeb. Thiab magnification chromatic aberration ua rau cov duab muaj xim xim.
2. Spherical aberration ntawm metallographic microscope
Spherical aberration yog ib theem monochromatic sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw vim yog lub ntsej muag kheej kheej ntawm lub lens. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub voj voog yog tias tom qab ib qho taw qhia tau teeb tsa, nws tsis yog qhov chaw kaj, tab sis qhov chaw ci ntsa iab nrog maj mam plooj ci npoo nyob nruab nrab, yog li cuam tshuam rau cov duab zoo ntawm metallographic microscope.
3. Astigmatism
Astigmatism kuj yog ib qho kev tawm ntawm qhov taw tes monochromatic aberration uas cuam tshuam rau qhov pom tseeb ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas metallographic. Thaum qhov kev pom loj loj, cov khoom taw tes ntawm ntug yog nyob deb ntawm lub qhov muag axis, thiab cov nqaj qaij zoo heev, ua rau astigmatism tom qab dhau los ntawm lub lens. Astigmatism ua rau cov khoom qub taw tes dhau los ua ob txoj kab sib cais thiab sib koom ua ke luv luv tom qab duab. Tom qab kev koom ua ke ntawm lub dav hlau duab zoo tagnrho, qhov chaw elliptical yog tsim. Astigmatism raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub lens.
5. Coma
Coma yog monochromatic aberration ntawm qhov chaw tawm ntawm qhov chaw. Thaum ib qho khoom tawm ntawm qhov taw tes yog duab nrog lub teeb pom kev loj, tom qab cov kab hluav taws xob tso tawm dhau los ntawm lub lens ntawm metallographic microscope thiab tsis cuam tshuam lawm, cov duab ntawm lub teeb taw tes yuav nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub cim, zoo li zoo li. ib tug comet, thiaj li hu ua "coma aberration"".
6. Zaj nkauj
Field curvature tseem hu ua "curvature of field". Thaum muaj qhov curvature nyob rau hauv lub metallographic microscope lens, qhov kev sib tshuam taw tes ntawm tag nrho lub teeb beam tsis coincide nrog cov duab zoo tagnrho point. Txawm hais tias lub ntsiab lus pom tseeb tuaj yeem tau txais ntawm txhua qhov tshwj xeeb, tag nrho cov duab dav hlau yog qhov nkhaus. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, tag nrho cov duab dav hlau tsis tuaj yeem pom meej meej thaum kuaj xyuas microscopic, uas ua rau kev soj ntsuam thiab kev yees duab nyuaj. Yog li ntawd, lub hom phiaj lo ntsiab muag ntawm metallographic microscopes feem ntau yog cov hom phiaj tiaj tus, uas tau kho qhov curvature.
