Hom teeb pom kev zoo siv nyob rau hauv optical microscopes thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv
【Electron microscope】
Electron microscopes tuaj yeem muab faib ua kis tau tus mob electron microscopes, scanning electron microscopes, reflection electron microscopes thiab emission electron microscopes raws li lawv cov qauv thiab siv. Kev xa cov tshuab hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob feem ntau siv los soj ntsuam cov khoom siv zoo uas tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov tshuab microscopes; scanning electron microscopes yog siv los soj ntsuam cov morphology ntawm cov khoom nto, thiab tseem tuaj yeem ua ke nrog X-ray diffractometers lossis electron zog spectrometers los tsim electrons. Microprobes rau kev tsom xam ntawm cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg; Emission Electron Microscopy rau kev kawm ntawm tus kheej-emitting electron nto.
【Optical microscope】
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev kho qhov muag microscopes: Zhitai tuaj yeem muab faib ua trinocular, binocular thiab monocular microscopes raws li tus naj npawb ntawm eyepieces siv; stereoscopic thiab non-stereoscopic microscopes tuaj yeem muab faib raws li seb daim duab puas muaj kev nkag siab peb-dimensional; Raws li cov khoom soj ntsuam tuaj yeem muab faib ua Raws li txoj cai kho qhov muag, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua lub teeb polarized, theem sib piv thiab qhov sib txawv cuam tshuam qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav, thiab lwm yam.; Raws li hom teeb pom kev zoo, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua lub teeb zoo tib yam, fluorescence, lub teeb infrared thiab laser microscope, thiab lwm yam.; Raws li hom txais, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua Visual, photographic thiab TV microscopes, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau siv cov tshuab microscopes xws li binocular nruam zoom stereo microscope, metallographic microscope, polarized light microscope, ultraviolet fluorescence microscope, thiab lwm yam.
Lub stereoscopic binocular microscope siv dual-channel optical txoj kev los muab cov duab stereoscopic rau sab laug thiab sab xis. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ob lub raj ib lub raj microscopes tso rau ntawm ib sab. Lub optical axes ntawm ob lub lens raj tsim ib lub kaum sab xis saib uas sib npaug rau lub kaum sab xis pom thaum tib neeg saib ib yam khoom nrog ob lub qhov muag, yog li tsim cov duab peb sab hauv qhov chaw peb sab. Binocular stereo microscopes tau siv dav hauv kev ua haujlwm slicing thiab microsurgery hauv thaj chaw ntawm biology thiab tshuaj; hauv kev lag luam, lawv tau siv rau kev soj ntsuam, sib dhos, thiab tshuaj xyuas cov khoom me me thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke.
Lub tshuab kuaj kab mob metallographic yog lub tshuab kuaj kab mob tshwj xeeb siv los soj ntsuam cov qauv metallographic ntawm cov khoom tsis pom zoo xws li cov hlau thiab cov ntxhia. Cov khoom opaque no tsis tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib kis zoo tib yam, yog li qhov sib txawv ntawm metallography thiab cov tshuab microscopes zoo tib yam yog qhov qub siv lub teeb pom kev zoo, thaum yav tas los siv lub teeb xa mus rau illumination. Hauv metallographic microscope, lub teeb pom kev zoo yog tawm los ntawm kev coj ntawm lub hom phiaj lens mus rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom pom, pom los ntawm cov khoom nto, thiab tom qab ntawd rov qab mus rau lub hom phiaj lens rau kev yees duab. Txoj kev teeb pom kev zoo no kuj tau siv dav hauv kev tshuaj xyuas kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm silicon wafers.
Ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy yog lub tshuab tsom iav uas siv lub teeb ci ultraviolet los ua kom muaj fluorescence rau kev soj ntsuam. Qee cov qauv tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov ntsiab lus hauv lub teeb pom kev, tab sis tom qab dyeing, lawv tuaj yeem pom lub teeb pom kev vim fluorescence thaum irradiated nrog ultraviolet lub teeb, tsim cov duab pom. Xws li microscopes feem ntau siv hauv biology thiab tshuaj.
Television microscopes thiab charge-coupled device microscopes yog microscopes nrog lub koob yees duab TV lub hom phiaj lossis cov khoom sib txuas them nqi raws li cov khoom tau txais. Lub hom phiaj lub koob yees duab hauv TV lossis cov khoom siv sib txuas tau muab tso rau ntawm lub ntsej muag tiag tiag ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav los hloov tib neeg lub qhov muag ua tus txais, thiab cov khoom siv optoelectronic no tau siv los hloov cov duab kho qhov muag rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub teeb liab hluav taws xob, thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom pom qhov loj me, suav particle thiab lwm yam haujlwm. Hom tshuab ntsuas no tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog lub khoos phis tawj, uas pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev ua cov ntaub ntawv, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau qee lub sijhawm uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntau heev.
Lub tshuab ntsuas tshuab ntsuas tshuab yog lub tshuab ntsuas tshuab uas lub teeb pom kev tuaj yeem ua haujlwm scanning txheeb ze rau qhov khoom nto. Hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas lub tshuab ntsuas, qhov kev daws teeb meem siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub hom phiaj lens yog ua kom ntseeg tau los ntawm kev txo qhov kev pom. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov duab beam yog scanned nyob rau hauv ib tug loj cheeb tsam ntawm saib txheeb ze ntawm cov khoom nto los ntawm kev siv optical los yog mechanical scanning, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua technology yog siv kom tau ib tug composite loj-scale duab ntaub ntawv. Hom microscope no haum rau kev soj ntsuam uas xav tau kev daws teeb meem siab, cov duab loj. Coarse tsom ntsia hlau: txav lub lens chim nce thiab nqis nyob rau hauv ntau yam.
