Hom thiab ntsuas cov qauv ntawm illuminometers
Hom thiab ntsuas cov qauv ntawm illuminometers (tseem hu ua luxmeters) yog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb rau kev ntsuas luminosity thiab brightness. Kev ntsuas ntawm lub teeb siv (illuminance) yog qib uas ib yam khoom yog illuminated, uas yog, qhov piv ntawm cov luminous flux tau nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom mus rau qhov chaw illuminated. Ib qho illuminometer feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm selenium lossis silicon photocell thiab microampere meter.
Kev ntsuas lub hauv paus ntawm illuminometer:
Photocell yog photoelectric element uas ncaj qha hloov lub teeb lub zog rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Thaum lub teeb tawm tsam ntawm qhov chaw ntawm selenium photocell, qhov teeb meem tshwm sim dhau los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab hlau 4 thiab mus txog qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm semiconductor selenium txheej 2 thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab hlau 4, tsim cov nyhuv photoelectric ntawm lub interface. Qhov loj ntawm lub peev xwm sib txawv generated yog proportional rau lub illumination ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub photocell txais lub teeb. Nyob rau ntawm lub sijhawm no, yog tias ib qho kev sib txuas sab nraud txuas nrog, qhov tam sim no yuav dhau mus, thiab tus nqi tam sim no yuav raug qhia rau ntawm microampere meter nrog qhov ntsuas ntawm Lx. Qhov loj ntawm photocurrent nyob ntawm lub zog ntawm qhov teeb meem teeb meem thiab qhov tsis kam nyob hauv Circuit Court. Lub illuminometer muaj cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm, yog li nws tuaj yeem ntsuas ob qhov siab thiab qis illuminance.
Hom illuminometer:
1. Visual illuminometer: siv tsis yooj yim, tsis muaj tseeb, tsis tshua siv
2. Photoelectric illuminometer: Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev siv yuav tsum tau siv feem ntau siv selenium photocell illuminometer thiab silicon photocell illuminometer:
1) Muaj pes tsawg leeg: microampere meter, hloov pob qhov rooj, xoom hloov kho, lub davhlau ya nyob twg ncej, photocell, V (λ) Kho qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov lim dej thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Feem ntau siv selenium (Se) photocell lossis silicon (Si) photocell illuminometer, tseem hu ua lux meter
2) Cov kev cai siv:
① Photocells yuav tsum siv selenium (Se) photocells lossis silicon (Si) photocells nrog zoo linearity; Ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo thiab muaj kev nkag siab zoo txawm tias tom qab ua haujlwm ntev; Thaum siv high E, xaiv photocells nrog siab sab hauv tsis kam, uas muaj tsawg rhiab heev thiab zoo linearity, thiab tsis yooj yim puas los ntawm lub teeb muaj zog irradiation.
② Kev them nyiaj sab hauv nrog V (λ) Kho lub lim, haum rau kev siv lub teeb pom kev ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo heterochromatic, nrog qhov yuam kev me me
③ Yog vim li cas ntxiv ib cosine kaum compensator (milky dawb iav los yog dawb yas) nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub photocell yog hais tias thaum lub teeb meem lub kaum sab xis loj, lub photocell deviates los ntawm txoj cai cosine.
④ Lub illuminometer yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntawm lossis ze ntawm chav tsev kub (qhov drift ntawm photocell hloov nrog kub)
Calibration ntawm illuminometer:
Cia Ls vertically irradiate lub photocell → E=I / r2, hloov r kom tau cov photocurrent values nyob rau hauv txawv illuminances, thiab hloov lub teev tam sim no mus rau hauv lub illuminance scale raws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm E thiab i.
Txoj kev Calibration:
Los ntawm kev siv lub teeb ci teeb pom kev zoo thiab hloov qhov kev ncua deb l ntawm lub photocell thiab cov qauv teeb ntawm qhov kwv yees ua haujlwm nyob deb ntawm qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo, qhov kev nyeem ntawm ammeter ntawm txhua qhov deb tau kaw. Lub illuminance E yog xam los ntawm qhov inverse nrug square law E=I/r2. Los ntawm qhov no, ib tug series ntawm txawv illuminance photocurrent qhov tseem ceeb kuv yuav tau txais, thiab cov variation nkhaus ntawm photocurrent i thiab illuminance E yuav tau kos, uas yog lub calibration nkhaus ntawm lub illuminometer. Qhov no tuaj yeem muab piv rau lub xov tooj ntawm lub illuminometer, uas yog qhov calibration nkhaus ntawm lub illuminometer.
