Lub thyristor module siv ib tug multimeter kom paub qhov txawv peb electrodes ntawm thyristor
SiliCON Controlled Rectifier, SCR tau tsim los rau hauv tsev neeg loj txij li thaum nws tawm hauv xyoo 1950, thiab nws cov tswv cuab tseem ceeb suav nrog unidirectional thyristors, bidirectional thyristors, lub teeb tswj thyristors, thim rov qab thyristors, tig tawm thyristors, ceev thyristors, thiab lwm yam. tos. Niaj hnub no txhua leej txhua tus siv ib tug unidirectional thyristor, uas yog dab tsi cov neeg feem ntau hu ua ib tug dog dig thyristor. Nws yog tsim los ntawm plaub txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor, nrog peb PN junctions thiab peb sab nraud electrodes: cov electrode tau los ntawm thawj txheej ntawm P-hom semiconductor hu ua anode A., electrode rub los ntawm peb txheej ntawm P-hom semiconductor yog. hu ua tus tswj electrode G, thiab cov electrode rub los ntawm plaub txheej ntawm N-hom semiconductor hu ua cathode K. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm lub cim Circuit Court ntawm lub thyristor tias nws yog unidirectional conductive ntaus ntawv zoo li diode, thiab qhov tseem ceeb yog hais tias nws muaj ib qho ntxiv tswj electrode G, uas ua rau nws muaj kev sib txawv kiag li cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub diode.
Peb lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm thyristor tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv nrog lub tshuab multimeter
Peb lub electrodes ntawm thyristors zoo tib yam tuaj yeem ntsuas nrog R × 100 iav ntawm multimeter. Raws li peb txhua tus paub, muaj pN kev sib tshuam ntawm thyristors G thiab K (Daim duab 2(a)), uas yog sib npaug rau diode, G yog tus ncej zoo, thiab K yog tus ncej tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, raws li txoj kev kuaj lub diode, nrhiav ob ntawm peb tus ncej. Ib tug ncej, ntsuas nws rau pem hauv ntej thiab rov qab tsis kam, qhov tsis kam yog me me, tus cwj mem dub ntawm multimeter txuas nrog tus tswj ncej G, tus cwj mem liab txuas nrog lub cathode K, thiab qhov seem yog qhov anode A. Txawm hais tias lub thyristor yog qhov zoo lossis qhov tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem siv lub rooj tsav xwm qhia kev qhia tsuas yog ua qauv qhia (Daim duab 3). Thaum lub hwj huam mov SB txuas nrog, lub teeb yog qhov zoo yog tias nws ci, thiab nws tsis zoo yog tias nws tsis ci.
Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas peb tus ncej ntawm silicon tswj rectifier
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txheeb xyuas peb tus ncej ntawm thyristor yog qhov yooj yim heev. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm pN hlws ris, tsuas yog siv ib tug multimeter los ntsuas tus nqi kuj ntawm peb ncej.
Lub pem hauv ntej thiab rov qab tsis kam ntawm lub anode thiab cathode yog ntau tshaj li ob peb puas txhiab ohms, thiab rau pem hauv ntej thiab thim rov qab tsis kam ntawm anode thiab cov electrode tswj yog ntau tshaj li ob peb puas txhiab ohms (muaj ob peb pN junctions ntawm lawv, thiab cov kev taw qhia Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog li cov lus qhia zoo thiab tsis zoo ntawm cov anode thiab cov ncej tswj tsis txuas).
Muaj pN kev sib tshuam ntawm cov tswj electrode thiab cathode, yog li nws cov kev tiv thaiv pem hauv ntej yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm ob peb ohms mus rau ntau pua ohms, thiab qhov rov qab tsis kam yog loj dua rau pem hauv ntej tsis kam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus tswj ncej diode tsis zoo tagnrho. Qhov kev taw qhia rov qab tsis raug thaiv tag nrho, thiab qhov tam sim no loj tuaj yeem dhau mus. Yog li ntawd, qee zaum qhov ntsuas tswj tus ncej thim rov qab kuj yog qhov me me, uas tsis txhais tau hais tias tus ncej tswj tus yam ntxwv tsis zoo. . Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum ntsuas lub pem hauv ntej thiab rov qab tsis kam ntawm tus ncej tswj, lub multimeter yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv R * 10 los yog R * 1 thaiv los tiv thaiv qhov thim rov qab ntawm tus ncej tswj thaum qhov hluav taws xob siab dhau.
Yog tias nws ntsuas tau tias cov cathode thiab anode ntawm cov khoom siv tau luv luv, lossis cov anode thiab cov ncej tswj tau luv luv, lossis cov ncej tswj thiab cov cathode yog luv-circuited nyob rau hauv thim rov qab, los yog tus tswj ncej thiab lub cathode yog qhib-circuited, nws txhais tau hais tias cov khoom puas.
Thyristor yog cov ntawv luv ntawm silicon tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas yog lub zog hluav taws xob semiconductor nrog plaub txheej txheej ntawm peb pN junctions. Qhov tseeb, kev ua haujlwm ntawm thyristor tsis yog tsuas yog kev kho dua tshiab xwb, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov tsis hloov pauv sai sai rau lossis tawm hauv Circuit Court, paub txog qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov tam sim no ncaj qha mus rau qhov hloov pauv tam sim no, thiab hloov qhov hloov pauv tam sim no ntawm ib zaus. mus rau lwm zaus AC, thiab lwm yam SCRs, zoo li lwm yam khoom siv semiconductor, muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov me me, kev ua haujlwm siab, kev ruaj ntseg zoo, thiab kev lag luam txhim khu kev qha. Nws cov tsos tau coj cov tshuab hluav taws xob semiconductor los ntawm kev lag luam hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog mus rau thaj tsam ntawm cov hluav taws xob muaj zog, thiab tau dhau los ua ib feem uas tau mob siab rau hauv kev lag luam, kev ua liaj ua teb, kev thauj mus los, kev tshawb fawb tub rog, nrog rau kev lag luam thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pej xeem.
Cov qauv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm thyristor
Lub thyristor muaj peb electrodes - anode (A), cathode (C) thiab lub rooj vag (G). Nws muaj ib tug tuag nrog plaub-txheej qauv tsim ntawm overlapping p-hom conductors thiab n-hom conductors, thiab muaj peb pN junctions nyob rau hauv tag nrho. Nws cov duab kos duab thiab cov cim.
Thyristors txawv heev hauv cov qauv ntawm silicon rectifier diodes nrog tsuas yog ib qho pN hlws ris. Cov txheej txheem plaub-txheej ntawm thyristor thiab kev siv ntawm tus ncej tswj tau tso lub hauv paus rau nws cov yam ntxwv zoo heev ntawm "tswj qhov loj nrog qhov me". Thaum siv silicon tswj rectifier, ntev npaum li qhov me me tam sim no lossis qhov hluav taws xob siv rau ntawm tus ncej tswj, qhov loj anode tam sim no lossis voltage tuaj yeem tswj tau. Tam sim no, cov ntsiab lus thyristor nrog lub peev xwm tam sim no ntawm ntau pua amperes lossis txawm ntau txhiab amperes tau tsim. Feem ntau, thyristor qis dua 5 amperes hu ua low-power thyristor, thiab thyristor saum 50 amperes hu ua high-power thyristor.
Vim li cas lub thyristor muaj kev tswj hwm ntawm "tswj qhov loj nrog tus me"? Hauv qab no peb siv Daim Ntawv Qhia -27 los soj ntsuam luv luv ntawm txoj cai ua haujlwm ntawm thyristor.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, peb tuaj yeem pom tias thawj, thib ob, thiab thib peb txheej los ntawm cathode yog NpN hom transistor, thaum lub thib ob, peb, thiab plaub txheej tsim lwm pNp hom transistor. Ntawm lawv, cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg thib ob thiab thib peb yog sib koom los ntawm ob txoj hlua sib tshooj. Ua li no, daim duab sib npaug ntawm Daim Ntawv Qhia -27(C) tuaj yeem kos rau kev tshuaj xyuas. Thaum ib qho hluav taws xob rau pem hauv ntej Ea tau thov ntawm lub anode thiab cathode, thiab lub teeb pom kev zoo yog cov tswv yim ntawm kev tswj electrode G thiab cathode C (sib npaug rau lub hauv paus-emitter ntawm BG1), BG1 yuav tsim lub hauv paus tam sim no Ib1, los ntawm Amplified, BG1 yuav muaj ib tug collector tam sim no IC1 magnified los ntawm 1 zaug. Vim tias tus sau ntawm BG1 txuas nrog lub hauv paus ntawm BG2, IC1 yog lub hauv paus tam sim no Ib2 ntawm BG2. BG2 amplifies lub collector tam sim no IC2 ntawm 2 tshaj Ib2 (Ib1) thiab xa rov qab mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm BG1 rau amplification. Lub voj voog no tau nthuav dav kom txog thaum BG1 thiab BG2 tau qhib tag nrho. Qhov tseeb, cov txheej txheem no yog txheej txheem "ua rau-ntawm-tus-fly". Rau lub thyristor, lub teeb liab tshwm sim ntxiv rau cov tswj hluav taws xob, thiab lub thyristor tau qhib tam sim ntawd. Lub sijhawm conduction feem ntau yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm thyristor. Thaum lub thyristor tshwm sim thiab tig rau, vim yog lub voj voog tawm tswv yim, tam sim no ntws mus rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm BG1 tsis yog thawj Ib1 xwb, tab sis tam sim no amplified los ntawm BG1 thiab BG2 (1 * 2 * Ib1), uas yog loj dua. tshaj Ib1, txaus kom BG1 tsis tu ncua tig. Lub sijhawm no, txawm tias lub teeb liab tshwm sim ploj, lub thyristor tseem nyob. Tsuas yog thaum lub zog hluav taws xob Ea raug txiav tawm lossis Ea txo qis kom cov khoom siv tam sim no hauv BG1 thiab BG2 tsawg dua qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi rau kev tswj xyuas, lub thyristor tuaj yeem raug tua. Yog lawm, yog tias qhov polarity ntawm Ea thim rov qab, BG1 thiab BG2 yuav nyob rau hauv lub xeev txiav tawm vim qhov rov qab voltage. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, txawm hais tias lub teeb liab ua rau cov tswv yim, thyristor tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Hloov pauv, Ea txuas nrog rau qhov kev taw qhia zoo, thaum lub teeb liab tshwm sim tsis zoo, thiab lub thyristor tsis tuaj yeem qhib. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias lub teeb liab tsis tau ntxiv, thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov hluav taws xob anode tshaj li qhov muaj nqis, lub thyristor kuj tseem yuav raug qhib, tab sis qhov no twb yog qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Cov yam ntxwv tswj tau ntawm thyristor los tswj kev ua haujlwm (qhov tam sim no loj dhau los ntawm thyristor) los ntawm lub teeb liab (me me tam sim no) yog ib qho tseem ceeb feature uas txawv nws ntawm cov silicon rectifier diodes zoo tib yam.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv thyristors hauv circuits
Kev siv yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm cov thyristors zoo tib yam yog tswj kev kho. Tus paub diode rectification circuit belongs rau lub uncontrolled rectification circuit. Yog hais tias lub diode hloov nrog lub thyristor, ib tug controllable rectification Circuit Court, inverter, ceev tswj, lub cev muaj zog excitation, tsis sib cuag mus thiab tsis siv neeg tswj yuav tsim. Tam sim no kuv kos qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ib-theem ib nrab-yoj controllable rectification circuit [Daim duab 4(a)]. Thaum lub sij hawm zoo ib nrab voj voog ntawm lub sinusoidal AC voltage U2, yog tias tsis muaj qhov taw tes mem tes Ug input rau tus tswj ncej ntawm VS, VS tseem tsis tuaj yeem qhib. Tsuas yog thaum U2 nyob rau hauv qhov zoo ib nrab ntawm lub voj voog thiab lub cim mem tes Ug tau siv rau ntawm tus ncej tswj, lub thyristor tau ua rau kev coj ua. Tam sim no, kos nws daim duab waveform [Daim duab 4(c) thiab (d)], nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias tsuas yog thaum lub cim mem tes Ug tuaj txog, muaj qhov hluav taws xob UL tso tawm ntawm lub load RL (qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm daim duab waveform) . Yog tias Ug tuaj txog ntxov, thyristor yuav tig ntxov; Yog tias Ug tuaj txog lig, thyristor yuav tig rau tom qab. Los ntawm kev hloov lub sij hawm tuaj txog ntawm tus txhais tes mem tes Ug ntawm tus ncej tswj, qhov nruab nrab tus nqi UL ntawm cov zis voltage ntawm lub load (qhov chaw ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo) tuaj yeem hloov kho. Nyob rau hauv electrotechnical technology, ib nrab voj voog ntawm alternating tam sim no feem ntau teem li 180 degree, uas yog hu ua hluav taws xob lub kaum sab xis. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, nyob rau hauv txhua qhov zoo ib nrab voj voog ntawm U2, lub kaum sab xis hluav taws xob tau ntsib los ntawm tus nqi xoom mus rau lub sijhawm thaum lub cim mem tes tuaj txog yog hu ua lub kaum sab xis tswj; Lub kaum sab xis hluav taws xob uas lub thyristor tig rau hauv txhua qhov zoo ib nrab lub voj voog yog hu ua lub kaum sab xis conduction θ. Obviously, ob qho tib si thiab θ yog siv los sawv cev rau qhov tig-rau lossis thaiv ntau yam ntawm thyristor nyob rau hauv ib nrab voj voog ntawm lub zog pem hauv ntej. Los ntawm kev hloov lub kaum sab xis tswj lossis lub kaum sab xis θ, qhov nruab nrab tus nqi UL ntawm cov mem tes DC voltage ntawm lub thauj khoom raug hloov, thiab qhov kev hloov kho tau pom tau.
