Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev siv cov refractometers
Ib qho cuab yeej rau kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ND thiab qhov nruab nrab dispersion NF-NC ntawm pob tshab, cov kua dej los yog cov khoom khib nyiab. Cov cuab yeej txuas nrog lub ntsuas sov thiab tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ND hauv qhov ntsuas kub ntawm 0 degree txog 70 degree, thiab tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov feem pua ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov kua qab zib. Yog li ntawd, cov cuab yeej no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hauv cov chaw tsim khoom, kev qhia thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam xws li roj av, kev lag luam roj, kev lag luam tshuaj, kev lag luam xim, kev lag luam zaub mov, kev lag luam tshuaj txhua hnub, kev lag luam suab thaj thiab kev tshawb fawb geological.
Raws li txoj cai ntawm refraction, muaj cov nram qab no kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov xwm txheej i thiab lub kaum sab xis ntawm refraction r: Thaum lub teeb nkag mus rau nruab nrab 2 ntawm nruab nrab 1, ces
=n1,2 (5-3)
Nyob rau hauv cov mis, n1, n2, v1, v2 yog qhov refractive index ntawm ob lub xov xwm 1 thiab 2 raws li thiab cov propagation ceev ntawm lub teeb nyob rau hauv lawv. n1, 2 yog ob lub xov xwm 2.
txheeb ze refractive index mus rau nruab nrab 1. Lub refractive index yog ib tug yam ntxwv tas mus li ntawm ib yam khoom. Nws yog tus nqi ruaj khov rau lub teeb ntawm qee qhov wavelength nyob rau hauv ib qho kub thiab siab.
It can be seen from formula (5-3) that when n2>n1, lub kaum sab xis refraction r yog ib txwm me dua qhov xwm txheej kaum i. Thaum qhov xwm txheej kaum kuv nce mus rau, lub kaum sab xis refraction nce ntxiv mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws tus nqi rc, uas yog hu ua lub kaum ntse ntse. Lub sijhawm no, lub teeb hla ntawm thaj tsam ntawm OY mus rau OA hauv nruab nrab 2, thaum thaj tsam ntawm OA thiab OX yog thaj chaw tsaus, raws li pom hauv daim duab 5-3. Thaum qhov xwm txheej yog, cov qauv saum toj no tuaj yeem sau ua:
n2=n1·sinrc (5-4)
Ntawd yog, thaum nruab nrab yog tsau, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub kaum sab xis refraction rc muaj qhov yooj yim ua haujlwm sib raug zoo nrog lub refractive index.
siv
(1) Qhib prisms 5 thiab 6, ntxuav lub ntsej muag daim iav nrog daim ntawv ntxuav lub lens, tso cov kua me me los ntsuas rau ntawm daim iav saum npoo, cia nws npog tag nrho daim iav saum npoo, thiab kaw qhov prism.
(2) Kho lub reflector 7 kom ua kom lub zog ntawm qhov teeb meem tshwm sim, tom qab ntawd tig lub prism kom lub qhov muag pom ib nrab-ci thiab ib nrab-tsaus, nrog rau txoj kab sib faib ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm cov hlaws. Lub sijhawm no, qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm cov kua tuaj yeem nyeem tau ntawm tus pas ntsuas los ntawm lub iav magnifying 2 .
(3) Yog tias cov xim muaj xim muaj xim tshwm sim, kho lub achromatic compensator kom cov xim xim lub teeb ploj thiab qhov tsaus nti interface ua kom pom tseeb.
(4) Tom qab ntsuas, qhib lub prism thiab ntxuav daim iav saum npoo nrog acetone. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab nqus tsev kom qhuav daim iav saum npoo. Tom qab kev sim, ntxiv rau kev ntxuav daim iav saum npoo, koj yuav tsum tau clamp ob txheej ntawm daim ntawv lo lo ntsiab muag kom nruj ob lub prisms. Kaw cov ntsia hlau kom tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau daim iav.
Kho tus kav zero point
Ua ntej siv, lub refractometer yuav tsum tau calibrated mus rau xoom point ntawm lub teev. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov kua dej uas muaj qhov paub txog qhov ntsuas tsis pom tseeb (xws li cov dej ntshiab=1.3325), lossis koj tuaj yeem siv "iav thaiv" nrog qhov paub qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas. Kev kho. Siv a-bromonaphthalene los lo rau lub teeb sab ntawm "iav thaiv" mus rau lub refractive prism 5. Tsis txhob kaw lub prism 6. Qhib lub qhov rais me tom qab lub prism kom lub teeb nyob rau hauv. Siv cov txheej txheem saum toj no los ntsuas. Yog hais tias tus nqi ntsuas yog sib npaug rau Lub refractive index ntawm no "iav thaiv" txawv. Tig qhov kho qhov ntsia hlau K ntawm lub lens chim los kho.
