Qhov txawv ntawm fluorescent thiab laser confocal microscopy
fluorescence microscope
1. Fluorescence microscope yog ib qho khoom siv uas siv lub teeb ultraviolet los ua lub teeb ci los teeb pom cov khoom uas tau sim, ua rau nws tawm fluorescence, thiab tom qab ntawd saib cov duab thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom hauv qab lub tshuab tsom. Fluorescence microscopy yog siv los kawm txog kev nqus, kev thauj mus los, kev faib tawm, thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom hauv hlwb. Qee yam khoom hauv hlwb, xws li chlorophyll, tuaj yeem tawm fluorescence tom qab raug ultraviolet hluav taws xob; Qee cov tshuaj lawv tus kheej yuav tsis tawm fluorescence, tab sis yog stained nrog fluorescent dyes lossis fluorescent antibodies, lawv tuaj yeem tawm fluorescence nyob rau hauv ultraviolet hluav taws xob. Fluorescence microscopy yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej rau kev tshawb fawb zoo thiab ntau yam ntawm cov tshuaj no.
2. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm fluorescence microscope:
(A) Lub teeb qhov chaw: Lub teeb ci emits lub teeb ntawm ntau lub wavelengths (los ntawm ultraviolet mus rau infrared).
(B) Excitation filter light source: Transmitting light of a specific wavelength that can produce fluorescence in the specimen, while blocking light that is useless for excitation fluorescence.
(C) Fluorescent specimens: feem ntau stained nrog fluorescent pigments.
(D) Blocking filter: xaiv kis fluorescence los ntawm kev thaiv lub teeb excitation uas tsis tau nqus los ntawm cov qauv, thiab qee qhov wavelengths kuj tau xaiv hauv fluorescence. Lub microscope uas siv lub teeb ultraviolet ua lub teeb ci kom tawm fluorescence los ntawm cov khoom irradiated. Lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob tau tsim thawj zaug los ntawm Knorr thiab Harroska hauv Berlin, lub teb chaws Yelemees xyoo 1931. Hom tshuab ntsuas no siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab ceev hloov lub teeb ntawm lub teeb. Vim qhov luv luv wavelength ntawm electron flow piv rau lub teeb nthwv dej, qhov magnification ntawm electron microscope tuaj yeem ncav cuag 800000 zaug, nrog qhov kev daws teeb meem tsawg kawg ntawm 0.2 nanometers. Lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob tshuab hluav taws xob, uas tau pib siv xyoo 1963, tso cai rau tib neeg pom cov qauv me me ntawm cov khoom siv.
3. Daim Ntawv Thov: Siv los nthuav cov duab ntawm cov khoom me me. Feem ntau siv rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm biology, tshuaj, microscopic hais, thiab lwm yam.
confocal microscope
1. Confocal microscope ntxiv ib lub lens semi reflective rau txoj kev pom lub teeb, uas khoov lub teeb pom kev uas twb dhau los ntawm lub lens rau lwm cov lus qhia. Muaj ib lub baffle nrog lub pinhole ntawm nws qhov chaw focal, thiab lub qhov me me nyob ntawm qhov chaw focal. Hauv qab lub baffle yog lub raj photomultiplier. Nws tuaj yeem xav txog tias lub teeb pom kev ua ntej thiab tom qab pom lub teeb focal point tsis tuaj yeem tsom mus rau lub qhov me me los ntawm qhov system confocal thiab yuav raug thaiv los ntawm baffle. Yog li ntawd, lub photometer ntsuas qhov kev siv ntawm lub teeb pom kev ntawm lub focal point.
2. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Cov khoom siv kho qhov muag kho qhov muag siv lub teeb pom kev hauv thaj chaw, thiab cov duab ntawm txhua qhov taw qhia ntawm cov qauv yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov sib txawv lossis tawg tawg los ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyob sib ze; Laser scanning confocal microscope siv lub laser beam los tsim ib qho chaw teeb pom kev zoo los ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo los soj ntsuam txhua qhov taw tes hauv lub dav hlau focal ntawm tus qauv. Lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm cov qauv yog duab ntawm qhov kev tshawb pom tus pinhole, thiab tau txais taw tes los ntawm taw tes lossis kab los ntawm photomultiplier raj (PMT) lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas (cCCD) tom qab kuaj pom tus pinhole, sai sai tsim cov duab fluorescent ntawm lub computer saib. npo. Lub illumination pinhole thiab nrhiav pom pinhole yog conjugated txheeb ze rau lub dav hlau focal ntawm lub hom phiaj lens. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub dav hlau focal yog ib txhij tsom rau ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab lub emission pinhole, thiab cov ntsiab lus sab nraud ntawm lub dav hlau focal yuav tsis raug duab ntawm qhov pom pinhole. Qhov no ua rau cov duab confocal uas sawv cev rau qhov chaw hla qhov muag ntawm cov qauv, kov yeej qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov duab tsis pom tseeb hauv cov qauv siv tshuab microscopy.
3. Daim ntawv thov teb: suav nrog tshuaj, tsiaj txhu thiab nroj tsuag kev tshawb fawb, biochemistry, bacteriology, cell biology, nqaij thiab embryo, zaub mov science, noob caj noob ces, pharmacology, physiology, optics, pathology, botany, neuroscience, marine biology, ntaub ntawv science, electronics science, mechanics, petroleum geology, thiab mineralogy.
