Muaj ntau qhov teeb meem hauv kev siv theem sib piv microscopy:
(1) Theem rov qab thaum n '
(2) Lub halo thiab maj mam dimming nyhuv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem imaging ntawm theem contrast microscopy, thaum ib tug qauv yuav darker vim theem qeeb, tsis yog ib tug poob ntawm lub teeb, tab sis los ntawm lub teeb redistribution ntawm lub dav hlau duab. Yog li ntawd, lub teeb uas pom meej meej ploj hauv qhov tsaus ntuj yuav tshwm sim raws li lub teeb ci nyob ib puag ncig cov khoom tsaus. Qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm theem sib piv microscopy, uas cuam tshuam qhov kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov qauv zoo. Thaum lub annular aperture yog nqaim heev, lub halo phenomenon yog hnyav dua. Lwm qhov tshwm sim ntawm theem tsis sib xws microscopy yog cov nyhuv dimming, uas yog hais txog kev txo qis ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov npoo ntawm thaj chaw loj dua nrog tib theem ncua kev soj ntsuam thaum lub sij hawm sib piv kev soj ntsuam.
(3) Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv thickness Thaum soj ntsuam qhov sib txawv, lub thickness ntawm cov qauv yuav tsum yog 5 μ m los yog nyias. Thaum siv cov qauv tuab dua, txheej txheej sab saud ntawm cov qauv yog qhov tseeb, thaum cov txheej txheej tob dua yuav pom qhov muag plooj thiab tsim cov theem hloov cuam tshuam thiab lub teeb tawg cuam tshuam.
(4) Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov iav npog thiab swb rau ntawm cov qauv yuav tsum tau npog nrog lub hau npog, txwv tsis pub lub nplhaib ci ntawm lub voj voog ntawm qhov aperture thiab lub nplhaib tsaus ntawm lub phaj phaj yog qhov nyuaj rau sib tshooj. Kev soj ntsuam sib txawv kuj tseem muaj cov kev xav tau siab rau qhov zoo ntawm cov iav ntawm cov swb thiab npog iav. Thaum muaj kev khawb, tsis sib xws, lossis tsis sib xws, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub nplhaib ci thiab theem cuam tshuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias lub iav swb yog tuab dhau los yog nyias dhau, nws yuav ua rau lub voj voog aperture loj dua lossis me dua.
Tam sim no, optical microscopes tau hloov zuj zus los ntawm cov kab mob lom neeg mus rau ntau yam tshwj xeeb microscopes. Raws li lawv cov qauv duab, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua:
① Geometric optical microscope: suav nrog kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, lub teeb pom kev zoo, lub tshuab hluav taws xob inverted, metallographic microscope, maus taus thaj chaw tsaus, thiab lwm yam.
② Lub tshuab kho qhov muag lub cev: suav nrog theem qhov sib txawv microscope, polarization microscope, cuam tshuam microscope, theem sib piv polarization microscope, theem sib piv cuam tshuam microscope, theem sib piv fluorescence microscope, thiab lwm yam.
③ Cov ntaub ntawv hloov dua siab tshiab microscopes: suav nrog fluorescence microscopes, microspectrometers, duab tsom tsom tsom iav, acoustic microscopes, yees duab microscopes, TV microscopes, thiab lwm yam.
Sau ntau yam kev siv lub tshuab tsom: ib lub tshuab kuaj kab mob bio: Feem ntau hais lus, lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob tuaj yeem muab faib ua stereo microscopes thiab biological microscopes. Vim muaj ntau lub hom phiaj thiab cov kev xav tau sib txawv, ntau ceg tau tshwm sim, tab sis cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tseem zoo ib yam. Polarization, theem sib piv, kis tau tus mob, thiab poob lub teeb tseem yog cais raws li kev siv tshuaj lom neeg. Stereoscopic microscope, tseem hu ua anatomical microscope, khoom microscope, thiab stereo microscope, yog lub tshuab siv ntau yam. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, muaj cov kev xav tau qis rau cov qauv, muaj kev ua haujlwm ntev, thiab muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm peb qhov ntev thaum saib. Nws tuaj yeem siv los soj ntsuam cov khoom siv lub cev lossis ua qee yam haujlwm ntawm cov qauv thaum saib. Tsis txhob hlais cov qauv zoo li lub tshuab kuaj kab mob lom, slicing yuav tsum tau siv tshuab thiab khoom siv. Yog li ntawd, stereo microscopes muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv thaj chaw xws li microelectronics, precision ntsuas kev sib dhos thiab kev saib xyuas, thiab micro engraving. Kev siv dav hauv kev siv lub cev thiab microsurgery hauv thaj chaw ntawm biology thiab tshuaj (tam sim no cais raws li kev phais microscopes), lub teeb ci siv hauv biology thiab tshuaj tsuas yog lub teeb txias (fiber optic); Siv hauv kev lag luam rau kev soj ntsuam, sib dhos, tshuaj xyuas, thiab lwm yam haujlwm ntawm cov khoom me me thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke. Metallographic microscope: Ntau tus neeg nyiam sau nws li "metallographic microscope". Metallographic microscope yog ib lub tshuab kuaj kab mob tshwj xeeb uas siv los soj ntsuam cov qauv metallographic ntawm cov khoom opaque xws li hlau thiab pob zeb. Cov khoom opaque no tsis tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lub tshuab kuaj kab mob tsis tu ncua, yog li qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lawv thiab lub tshuab tsom iav tsis tu ncua yog tias yav dhau los siv cov teeb pom kev zoo, thaum tom kawg siv lub teeb xa mus rau illumination. Hauv metallographic microscope, lub teeb pom kev zoo yog coj los ntawm lub hom phiaj lens mus rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom pom, cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov chaw, thiab tom qab ntawd rov qab mus rau lub hom phiaj lens rau kev yees duab. Txoj kev teeb pom kev zoo no kuj tau siv dav hauv kev tshawb nrhiav kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm silicon wafers.
