Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Surge rau Hloov Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob
Surge Protective Device (SPD), tseem hu ua surge protector, yog ib qho khoom siv tiv thaiv uas tsis yog-linear siv los txwv tsis pub dhau ib ntus overvoltage thiab qhia tawm surge tam sim no hauv cov tshuab nyob, thiab yog siv los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob los yog cov tshuab hluav taws xob. tiv thaiv los ntawm xob laim ntaus thiab xob laim electromagnetic pulses los yog kev khiav hauj lwm overvoltage puas. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob (xws li TV, xov tooj, kev sib txuas lus, computer network, thiab lwm yam) tau tsim sai heev, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau tau tshwm sim thiab nrov. Xws li cov tshuab thiab cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau kim thiab tseem ceeb, thiab lawv cov kev ua haujlwm voltage thiab tiv taus qhov hluav taws xob tsawg heev, yog li lawv tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau xob laim hluav taws xob pulses. Yog li, SPD yuav tsum muaj rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.
Vim yog cov qauv sib txawv ua raws li ntau lub teb chaws, cov khoom specifications tsis sib koom ua ke, thiab cov kev qhia txog kev ntsuas kuj tseem muaj nws tus kheej, uas yog qhov qis dua rau lwm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb, uas ua rau tsis yooj yim rau kev tsim thiab xaiv. Hauv kev tsim qauv engineering, hom hom tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov khoom lag luam nyob sab Europe thiab Asmeskas cov khoom raws li qhov chaw ntawm keeb kwm. Cov kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog chaotic, nrog ntau yam specifications thiab siab residual siab. Qee tus qauv teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom lag luam ua raws li cov khoom lag luam European, thiab qee qhov ua raws li lub teb chaws calibration tsis. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom raug cim nrog In thiab Imax. Txij li cov khoom siv hauv tsev muaj qhov xav tau qis rau cov chaw thov, qib tsev qis, thiab cov khoom siv loj tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, qee qhov kev txwv tsis pub tuaj yeem ua kom haum.
Cov khoom lag luam nyob sab Europe feem ntau khij qhov siab tshaj plaws tawm tam sim no, thiab cov qauv khoom kuj tau teeb tsa raws li qhov ntsuas no. Piv txwv li, XXX65 thiab XXX40 ntawm ib lub npe nrov European, tus nqi 65 thiab 40 yog Imax. Txawm li cas los xij, Suav tus qauv qhia meej meej tias qhov kev tso tawm tam sim no nyob rau hauv yuav tsum tau siv rau hom kev xaiv, uas yog qhov teeb meem txaj muag uas tau ntsib hauv engineering tsim tam sim no. Tom qab kuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom, tus nqi ntawm XX65 tsis tshaj 20kA, thiab hauv tus nqi ntawm XX40 tsis tshaj 15kA. Raws li tus nqi pom zoo ntawm GB50343, ob yam khoom no tsuas yog siv tau rau kev tiv thaiv thib peb ntawm cov khoom siv davhlau ya nyob twg, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tsim, lawv tau nruab rau theem thawj thiab thib ob, uas yog pom tseeb tsis sib haum nrog cov kev xaiv. ntawm lub teb chaws tus qauv, thiab cov residual voltage siab dua, cov qauv zoo tib yam feem ntau tshaj 1200V, ib zaug ib puag ncig thaiv tsis zoo, nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom dhau qhov voltage tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv. Feem ntau, Uc tus nqi ntawm cov khoom nyob sab Europe yog me me, thiab cov kab hluav taws xob yog opportunistically cim, yog li nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom to taub yuam kev thaum xaiv tus qauv.
SPDs ua haujlwm li cas
Lub surge protector yog tsim rau 220/380V low-voltage power supply tiv thaiv. Nws yog ib qho tsis-linear tivthaiv. Raws li IEC tus qauv, tus tiv thaiv surge yog ib yam khoom uas feem ntau suppresses lub overvoltage thiab overcurrent ntawm txoj kab ua. Lub surge protector plays lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv. Qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau ua yog tias nws yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv cov xob laim tam sim no uas yuav tsum dhau mus, thiab dhau los ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws clamping voltage ntawm qhov nce siab, nws tuaj yeem tua hluav taws xob ntau zaus ntws tawm tom qab hluav taws xob tam sim no dhau mus, thiab tiv thaiv qhov tam sim no. surge mus rau hauv lub hwj chim kab thiab teeb liab kis kab mob. Lub overvoltage yog txwv nyob rau hauv qhov voltage ntau yam uas cov cuab yeej siv los yog lub cev muaj peev xwm tiv taus, los yog lub zog hluav taws xob tam sim no tau xau rau hauv av los tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lossis cov kab ke los ntawm kev puas tsuaj vim muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Hom thiab cov qauv ntawm surge protectors sib txawv raws li cov hom phiaj sib txawv, tab sis tsawg kawg yog ib qho kev txwv tsis pub muaj hluav taws xob muaj nyob hauv. Feem ntau siv surge protectors muaj xws li MOV (Hlau Oxide Varistor) thiab cov roj tso tawm. Lub zog surges muaj ntau lub zog thiab tsis tuaj yeem nres. Vim li no, lub tswv yim los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm hluav taws xob surges yog shunt lub surge deb ntawm cov khoom siv thiab mus rau hauv av.
Lub surge protector MOV muaj peb ntu: nruab nrab yog cov khoom siv hlau oxide, thiab ob lub semiconductors txuas nrog lub zog thiab hauv av. Thaum qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim, MOV ua tam sim ntawd, thiab lub sijhawm teb yog 1 txog 3 nanoseconds. Lub "V" nyob rau hauv lub MOV yog ib tug rheostat. Thaum lub sijhawm teb, qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm MOV poob los ntawm tus nqi siab tshaj plaws rau yuav luag xoom ohms, thiab cov overcurrent ntws mus rau hauv av los ntawm MOV. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv ib txwm ua haujlwm voltage. Nws cov ntsiab lus semiconductor muaj cov cuab yeej hloov pauv raws li qhov hloov pauv voltage. Thaum qhov hluav taws xob qis dua ib qho nqi, qhov txav ntawm electrons nyob rau hauv semiconductor tsim muaj kev tiv thaiv siab. Hloov pauv, thaum qhov hluav taws xob ntau dua li tus nqi tshwj xeeb, lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob hloov pauv thiab qhov tsis kam ntawm semiconductor txo qis zero ohms. Qhov voltage yog qhov qub, thiab lub zog tiv thaiv MOV tsis ua haujlwm, uas tsis cuam tshuam rau cov kab hluav taws xob.
Qhov taw qhia ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm surge protector MOV: (1) Clamping voltage: Qhia tus nqi hluav taws xob uas yuav ua rau MOV txuas rau hauv av. Qhov qis dua qhov clamping voltage, qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo dua. (2) Lub zog nqus / dissipation muaj peev xwm: Tus nqi nominal qhia tias lub zog muaj zog npaum li cas tuaj yeem nqus tau ua ntej nws hlawv, hauv joules. Tus nqi siab dua, qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo dua. (3) Lub sij hawm teb: Cov tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam tam sim, lawv muaj qhov qeeb me ntsis hauv kev teb rau qhov nce siab.
Lwm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov yog lub raj xa hluav taws xob. Cov roj tso tawm cov raj no ua tib yam li MOVs, lawv txav dhau tam sim no los ntawm kev nyob rau hauv av los ntawm kev siv cov roj inert ua tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm ob lub xov hlau. Thaum lub voltage nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam ntau yam, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov roj txiav txim siab tias nws yog ib tug tsis zoo conductor. Yog hais tias qhov voltage surges dhau qhov ntau, tam sim no yuav muaj zog txaus ionize cov roj, ua rau cov pa tawm tube yog ib tug zoo heev conductor. Nws ua tam sim no rau hauv av kom txog rau thaum qhov hluav taws xob rov qab mus rau qib qub, ces dhau los ua tus neeg xyuas pib tsis zoo dua.
(1) Cov kab hluav taws xob SPD
Txij li thaum lub zog ntawm xob laim hluav taws xob loj heev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tso lub zog ntawm xob laim tawm mus rau hauv av ib kauj ruam los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm hierarchical tso tawm. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ncaj qha (LPZ0A) lossis ntawm qhov chaw sib tshuam ntawm thaj chaw tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ncaj qha (LPZ0B) thiab thawj thaj chaw tiv thaiv (LPZ1), nruab ib lub surge protector lossis ib tug voltage-limiting surge protector uas tau dhau qhov Class I classification test raws li thawj thawj theem ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog tso tawm cov hluav taws xob ncaj qha tam sim no, los yog thaum lub hwj chim kis tau tus mob kab ncaj qha los ntawm xob laim, nws yuav tso tawm lub zog loj ua. Nruab ib qho hluav taws xob-txhim hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm txhua qhov kev faib (xws li LPZ1 cheeb tsam) tom qab thawj cheeb tsam tiv thaiv, raws li qib thib ob, thib peb lossis siab dua ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Tus tiv thaiv qib thib ob yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv rau qhov seem hluav taws xob ntawm tus tiv thaiv yav dhau los thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm xob laim hauv cheeb tsam. Thaum muaj hluav taws xob loj hluav taws xob nqus hluav taws xob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej-theem, tseem muaj ib feem uas loj heev rau cov khoom siv lossis cov neeg tiv thaiv thib peb. Lub zog yuav raug xa mus thiab yuav tsum tau ntxiv absorbed los ntawm tus tiv thaiv qib thib ob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kab sib kis tau dhau los ntawm thawj theem kev tiv thaiv xob laim yuav ua rau hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Thaum txoj kab ntev txaus, lub zog ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ua rau loj txaus, yuav tsum muaj tus tiv thaiv qib thib ob kom tso tawm hluav taws xob ntxiv. Tus neeg tiv thaiv qib thib peb tiv thaiv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob seem uas dhau los ntawm tus tiv thaiv thib ob. Raws li kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob theem ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, yog tias ob-theem hluav taws xob tiv thaiv tuaj yeem txwv qhov hluav taws xob qis dua li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv, tsuas yog ob theem kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau; yog tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv taus qis qis, plaub theem lossis ntau qib kev tiv thaiv.
Cov kab hluav taws xob SPD
Nrog rau kev siv dav dav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm, vim muaj ntau ntawm cov kab sib txuas thiab qhov tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntau dua thiab muaj kev phom sij rau cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm. Kev raug mob ntawm xob laim rau cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm xob laim hluav taws xob mem tes, suav nrog cov hluav taws xob overvoltage yoj ua raws kab, qhov muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tau tsim los ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no ntawm cov xaim hauv av, electrostatic induction thiab electromagnetic induction ntawm xob laim. electromagnetic teb. Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas hluav taws xob muaj xws li kev cuam tshuam, shunting, equipotential bonding, shielding, grounding, thiab tsim nyog xaim. Txhim kho SPD ntawm cov kab teeb liab yog ib qho kev ntsuas tseem ceeb rau cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm los tiv thaiv electromagnetic pulses. Nws tuaj yeem ua si lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev cuam tshuam, shunting, thiab equipotential bonding. Lub teeb liab kab SPD yuav tsum txuas nrog lub teeb liab chaw nres nkoj ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv. Nws cov zis davhlau ya nyob twg txuas nrog rau qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua serial kev sib txuas thiab kev sib txuas ua ke, thiab feem ntau yog ntsia hauv series ntawm cov teeb liab kab. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv ib lub teeb liab SPD, ib tug SPD nrog ib tug me me insertion poob yuav tsum tau xaiv.
