Nyob ze-teb tsom kho microscopy cov ntsiab cai ntawm ze-daim teb optical tsom
Traditional optical microscopes are composed of optical lenses that can magnify objects up to thousands of times to observe details. Due to the diffraction effect of light waves, it is impossible to infinitely increase the magnification because it will encounter the obstacle of the diffraction limit of light waves. The resolution of traditional optical microscopes cannot exceed half of the wavelength of light. For example, using green light with a wavelength of λ=400nm as the light source, only two objects separated by 200nm can be distinguished. In practical applications, when λ>400nm, the resolution is lower. This is because general optical observations are made at a distance (>>λ) los ntawm cov khoom.
Nyob ze ntawm daim teb optical tsom iav, raws li kev kuaj pom thiab kev ua kom tsis txhob muaj qhov muag pom kev zoo ntawm ultra-high optical daws teeb meem.
Ib qho ze-teb tsom rau kev sojntsuam, cov cim ntsuas tus mob phiajcim, ntsuas kev tswj hwm, teeb tsa teeb liab, thiab lub teeb liab tawm tswv yim system. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg nyob ze-teb tiam thiab kev pom: Thaum cov txheej txheem zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv kev ua ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom uas tau tsim muaj ntau yam ntawm cov khoom thiab cov nthwv dej uas tau hais tawm mus deb. Evanescent nthwv dej los ntawm cov qauv hloov maj mam ua cov khoom (cov khoom me dua lub nthwv dej). Thiab cov nthwv dej tawm los ntawm cov cuab yeej ntxhib hauv cov khoom (cov khoom loj dua lub wavelength), uas tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov qauv hloov maj mam ntawm cov khoom. Yog tias lub chaw ntsuas hluav taws me me me me yog siv ua nanodetector (xws li ib qho kev sojntsuam (xws li tso tawm kom zoo txaus rau ntawm ib qho khoom, muaj kev txaus siab, ua rau nws emit teeb dua. Lub teeb tsim los ntawm qhov kev zam no tseem muaj undetectable EVanescent vuag thiab kev tawm suab uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom ntawm qhov deb, ua tiav cov txheej txheem ze. Kev hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm cov teb evanescent yog linear, thiab cov lus tshaj tawm yog qhov tseeb cuam tshuam cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kev hloov pauv ntawm EVANLITALL. Yog tias lub chaw ua si scattering yog scanned nyob rau saum npoo ntawm ib qho khoom, muaj ob-dium duab tuaj yeem tau txais. Raws li lub ntsiab cai ntawm reciprocity, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb taws teeb thiab nano ntes tau hloov zuj zus. Lub qhov tseeb nano lub teeb (evanescent) yog siv los ua kom pom cov qauv. Vim yog cov nyhuv tawg ntawm cov khoom tus qauv zoo ntawm lub istumination teb uas tuaj yeem hloov mus rau qhov kev tawm tsam uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom ntawm qhov chaw deb, thiab cov txiaj ntsig yog tib yam.
