Kawm paub ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas cov ntsuas kub infrared ua haujlwm
Infrared tus pas ntsuas kub yog tsim los ntawm optical system, photodetector, teeb liab amplifier, teeb liab ua, tso zis tso zis thiab lwm qhov chaw. Lub optical system sau lub hom phiaj infrared hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv nws qhov kev pom. Qhov loj ntawm qhov kev pom yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov chaw kho qhov muag ntawm tus pas ntsuas kub thiab lawv txoj haujlwm. Lub zog infrared yog tsom rau lub photodetector thiab hloov mus rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob sib xws. Lub teeb liab dhau los ntawm lub amplifier thiab teeb liab ua Circuit Court, thiab hloov mus rau hauv tus nqi kub ntawm qhov ntsuas lub hom phiaj tom qab kho raws li kev kho sab hauv algorithm ntawm qhov ntsuas thiab lub hom phiaj emissivity.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej, txhua yam khoom uas muaj qhov kub siab tshaj xoom yog tas li emitting infrared hluav taws xob hluav taws xob mus rau qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig. Tus nqi ntawm infrared hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm ib yam khoom thiab nws qhov kev faib tawm los ntawm wavelength yog ze ze rau nws qhov kub thiab txias. Yog li, los ntawm kev ntsuas lub zog infrared radiated los ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej, nws qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov tseeb. Qhov no yog lub hom phiaj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm infrared radiation.
Lub cev dub yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws uas nqus lub zog ntawm txhua lub wavelengths yam tsis muaj lub zog xav txog lossis kev sib kis, thiab nws qhov emissivity saum npoo yog 1. Txawm li cas los xij, yuav luag txhua yam khoom muaj nyob hauv qhov tsis yog lub cev dub. Txhawm rau kom paub meej thiab tau txais cov cai faib tawm ntawm cov hluav taws xob infrared, yuav tsum xaiv cov qauv tsim nyog hauv kev tshawb fawb theoretical. Qhov no yog quantized oscillator qauv ntawm lub cev kab noj hniav hluav taws xob npaj los ntawm Planck. Planck txoj cai ntawm lub cev dub hluav taws xob tau muab los, uas yog, lub cev dub spectral radiance qhia nyob rau hauv wavelength. Qhov no yog qhov pib ntawm tag nrho infrared radiation theories, yog li nws yog hu ua txoj cai dub lub cev hluav taws xob. Tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tiag tiag tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov hluav taws xob wavelength thiab qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khoom, tab sis kuj yog nyob ntawm cov khoom xws li hom khoom, kev npaj, txheej txheem thermal, lub xeev saum npoo thiab ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau ua kom txoj cai dub lub cev hluav taws xob siv tau rau txhua yam khoom tiag, ib qho kev faib ua feem cuam tshuam nrog rau cov khoom siv thiab lub xeev saum npoo yuav tsum tau qhia, uas yog, emissivity. Qhov coefficient no txhais tau hais tias kaw qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm ib qho khoom tiag tiag rau lub cev hluav taws xob thiab muaj tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm xoom thiab tus nqi tsawg dua 1. Raws li txoj cai hluav taws xob, tsuav yog qhov emissivity ntawm cov khoom paub, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hluav taws xob infrared. ntawm txhua yam khoom tuaj yeem paub. Cov yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau emissivity yog: hom khoom, nto roughness, lub cev thiab tshuaj qauv, thiab cov khoom thickness.
Thaum siv lub ntsuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob infrared los ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub ntawm lub hom phiaj, tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob infrared ntawm lub hom phiaj nyob rau hauv nws cov qhab ntau yuav tsum tau ntsuas ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov ntsuas kub ntawm lub hom phiaj ntsuas yog xam los ntawm tus pas ntsuas kub. Ib tus pas ntsuas kub ib leeg yog proportional rau tus nqi hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub band; ib tug ob-xim ntsuas kub yog proportional rau qhov piv ntawm tus nqi hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv ob bands.
