Taw qhia rau kev siv polarizing microscope
Polarizing microscopy yog ib hom kab mob uas siv los kawm txog cov ntaub ntawv pob tshab thiab opaque anisotropic. Txhua yam khoom uas muaj birefringence tuaj yeem pom meej meej nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas polarizing. Tau kawg, cov tshuaj no kuj tuaj yeem pom los ntawm staining, tab sis qee qhov ntawm lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau, thiab yuav tsum siv lub tshuab ntsuas polarizing.
(1) Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Polarizing Microscope
Ib txoj hauv kev hloov lub teeb zoo tib yam rau hauv lub teeb polarized rau kev kuaj xyuas lub tshuab ntsuas kom paub seb cov khoom puas yog ib qho refraction (isotropic) lossis birefringence (anisotropy). Birefringence yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm cov muaju. Yog li ntawd, polarizing microscopes yog dav siv nyob rau hauv mineralogy, chemistry thiab lwm yam teb, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv biology thiab botany.
(2) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm polarizing microscope
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm polarizing microscope yog qhov nyuaj, yog li kuv yuav tsis qhia ntau dhau ntawm no. Polarizing microscope yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hauv qab no: polarizer, analyzer, compensator lossis theem phaj, tshwj xeeb tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab lub hom phiaj lens, thiab rotating theem.
(3) Txoj kev polarizing microscopy
a. Orthscope: Kuj tseem hu ua distortion-free microscopy, nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev siv lub hom phiaj qis qis tsis muaj Bertrand Lens (BertrandLens), thiab cov khoom tshawb fawb tuaj yeem kawm ncaj qha nrog lub teeb polarized. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhawm rau ua kom lub teeb pom kev zoo me me, thawb lub lens sab saud ntawm lub condenser. Ib txwm theem microscopy yog siv los xyuas qhov birefringence ntawm ib yam khoom.
b. Conoscope: Kuj hu ua cuam tshuam microscopy, nws kawm txog kev cuam tshuam cov qauv tsim thaum lub teeb polarized cuam tshuam. Txoj kev no yog siv los soj ntsuam uniaxial lossis biaxial xwm ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, muaj zog converging polarized beam yog illuminated.
(4) Kev xav tau rau polarizing microscopes ntawm lub cuab yeej
a. Lub teeb qhov chaw: Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv lub teeb monochromatic, vim tias qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb, qhov taw qhia qhov taw qhia, thiab cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam txawv vim qhov sib txawv wavelengths. Lub teeb zoo tib yam tuaj yeem siv rau kev siv tshuab microscopy.
b. Eyepiece: Yuav tsum muaj ib lub eyepiece nrog crosshairs.
c. Condenser: Yuav kom tau txais lub teeb pom kev sib luag, yuav tsum siv lub viav vias tawm condenser uas tuaj yeem thawb tawm lub lens sab saud.
d. Bertrand lens: ib qho kev tivthaiv nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho qhov muag ntawm lub condenser, uas yog lub lens auxiliary uas nthuav tawm tag nrho cov theem pib tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom mus rau theem nrab. Nws xyuas kom meej tias cov oculars yog siv los soj ntsuam cov qauv qauv tsim nyob rau hauv lub rear focal dav hlau ntawm lub hom phiaj lens.
(5) Yuav tsum muaj rau polarized microscopy
a. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm theem yog coaxial nrog optical axis.
b. Lub polarizer thiab analyzer yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw orthogonal.
c. Cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob nyias dhau.
