Taw qhia rau feem ntau siv electrodes hauv acidimeter (ph meter)
Lub acidometer feem ntau tsim cov microvoltage los ntawm electrodes thiab cov kev daws teeb meem, yog li cov electrode siv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau acidity tus nqi. Cov electrodes peb nquag siv los ntsuas acidity meters feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
(1) Hydrogen electrode: Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm hydrogen electrode zoo ib yam li cov hlau electrode. Tab sis hydrogen yog ib qho roj thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha raws li electrode. Hloov chaw, platinum electrode coated nrog platinum dub yog xav tau los nqus cov hydrogen thiab ua raws li cov hlau electrode. Nws qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog qhov tseeb thiab tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas pH dav. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum hom electrode no tsim lwm yam oxidized los yog txo cov khoom thaum lub sij hawm redox txheej txheem, nws yuav ua rau kev ntsuas yuam kev thiab tsis yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam. Yog li ntawd, hom electrode no feem ntau tsuas yog siv raws li tus qauv electrode thiab tsis tshua muaj siv hauv kev ntsuas qhov tseeb.
(2) Quinone-hydroquinone electrode: Nws yog tsim los ntawm inert hlau platinum los yog kub immersed nyob rau hauv ib tug saturated tov ntawm quinone-hydroquinone. Nws siv ib khub quinone-hydroquinone los tsim kom muaj peev xwm sib npaug ntawm lub inert electrode. Qhov zoo ntawm quinone-hydride electrode yog ceev ceev stabilization thiab tsis muaj sab hauv tsis kam. Tab sis yog tias pH siab tshaj 8, hydroquinone, uas yog ib qho tsis muaj zog acid, pib dissociate los yog oxidized rau hauv quinone, ua kom muaj peev xwm sib npaug. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm yam khoom uas tuaj yeem khi rau quinone yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ntsuas pH, xws li cov proteins, borates, colloidal suspensions, thiab lwm yam.
(3) Antimony electrode: Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov hlau oxide electrodes. Lub electrode ntawm antimony electrode tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau antimony thiab cov oxide (ua rau saum npoo ntawm antimony nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog huab cua). Txij li thaum cov kev ua ntawm cov oxide muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev ua ntawm OH ion nyob rau hauv cov kev daws, lub peev xwm ntawm antimony electrode yog ncaj qha ntsig txog nyob ntawm seb tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj. Qhov zoo ntawm antimony electrodes yog kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, muaj zog thiab ruaj khov. Txawm li cas los xij, "tus qauv" muaj peev xwm ntawm cov electrode no tsis ruaj khov, thiab muaj lwm cov hlau oxide electrodes uas tuaj yeem siv rau kev ntsuas pH. Piv txwv li: Bi electrode, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab cov qauv zoo ib yam li antimony electrode.
(4) Txhua hnub mercury electrode: Cov saturated calomel electrode feem ntau yog siv, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau mercury, Hg2CI2 thiab saturated KC1 tov. Yuav tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim polarization thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov electrode yuav tsis tshwm sim. Nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrode yog: Hg2CI2+2e= 2 Hg+ 2 C1 ˉ
(5) Iav electrode: iav pH electrode tam sim no yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev ntsuas pH. Thaum nws nkag rau hauv cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau ntsuas, cov hydrogen nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau ntsuas yog ionized thiab pauv nrog hydration txheej nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub electrode noob, thiab lub puab txheej ntawm lub noob kuj generates electrode muaj peev xwm. Txij li thaum hydrogen ionization ntawm txheej sab hauv tseem tsis hloov pauv, thaum lub hydrogen ionization ntawm txheej txheej yog hloov, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej sab hauv thiab txheej txheej kuj hloov, thiab nws qhov loj yog txiav txim siab los ntawm hydrogen ionization concentration ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov txheej txheem. txheej txheej ntawm daim nyias nyias. Txoj kev sim no yooj yim, cov txiaj ntsig tau raug, thiab muaj tsawg dua qhov cuam tshuam.
(6) Composite electrode: Tam sim no feem ntau siv ib hom hu ua composite electrode, uas yog ib qho electrode uas sib txuas cov iav electrode thiab siv electrode rau hauv ib qho kev sojntsuam. Nws muaj kev sib xyaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub iav electrode thiab cov khoom siv electrode, ua kev ntsuas yooj yim dua, raug, thiab txhim khu kev qha.
Kev tu cov ntsuas acidimeter (ph meter) ntsuas Ntxiv nrog rau kev siv lub ntsuas kom raug, koj yuav tsum nkag siab txog kev saib xyuas cov cuab yeej thiab kev ceev faj thaum ntsuas.
