Infrared ntsuas kub ntsuas
Infrared tus pas ntsuas kub yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev ua txhaum ntawm cov qauv sab hauv ntawm lub zog hloov hluav taws xob, thiab tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam tswj thiab saib xyuas. Nws yog tsim los ntawm optical system, photoelectric detector, teeb liab amplifier, teeb liab ua, tso zis tso zis thiab lwm yam. Nws txoj haujlwm Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog raws li nram no:
Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, thaum qhov kub ntawm ib yam khoom yog siab tshaj xoom, nws yuav tsis tu ncua emit infrared hluav taws xob hluav taws xob mus rau ib puag ncig qhov chaw, thiab qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj feem xyuam rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom Infrared zog los txiav txim qhov kub ntawm nws qhov chaw. Qhov no yog lub hom phiaj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm infrared radiation.
Cia peb saib ib txoj cai ntxiv txog cov ntsuas kub infrared.
Txoj cai lij choj dub lub cev hluav taws xob: Lub cev dub yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws, uas nqus cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm tag nrho cov wavelengths, tsis muaj kev xav thiab kev xa tawm ntawm lub zog, thiab muaj qhov emissivity ntawm 1 ntawm nws qhov chaw. Nws yuav tsum tau taw qhia tias tsis muaj lub cev dub tiag tiag hauv qhov xwm txheej, tab sis txhawm rau ua kom pom tseeb thiab tau txais txoj cai kev faib tawm ntawm cov hluav taws xob infrared, tus qauv tsim nyog yuav tsum raug xaiv hauv kev tshawb fawb theoretical, uas yog tus qauv oscillator quantized ntawm lub cev kab noj hniav hluav taws xob tau npaj tseg. los ntawm Planck, yog li muab Planck txoj cai ntawm lub cev dub hluav taws xob, uas yog, lub cev dub spectral irradiance sawv cev los ntawm wavelength, yog qhov pib ntawm tag nrho infrared radiation theories, yog li nws yog hu ua txoj cai ntawm lub cev dub hluav taws xob.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom emissivity ntawm hluav taws xob ntsuas kub: cov khoom tiag tiag uas muaj nyob rau hauv qhov yuav luag tsis yog lub cev dub. Tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tiag tiag nyob ntawm tsis yog tsuas yog nyob ntawm qhov hluav taws xob wavelength thiab qhov kub ntawm cov khoom, tab sis kuj yog nyob ntawm hom khoom tsim los ntawm cov khoom, cov txheej txheem kev npaj, txheej txheem thermal, lub xeev saum npoo thiab ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau ua kom txoj cai lij choj ntawm lub cev dub hluav taws xob siv tau rau txhua yam khoom siv, ib qho kev faib ua feem coefficient ntsig txog cov khoom siv thiab lub xeev saum npoo yuav tsum tau qhia, uas yog, emissivity. Qhov coefficient no qhia tau hais tias qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nyob ze ntawm qhov khoom tiag tiag yog li cas rau cov hluav taws xob lub cev dub, thiab nws cov nqi yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm xoom thiab tus nqi tsawg dua 1. Raws li txoj cai ntawm hluav taws xob, tsuav yog qhov emissivity ntawm cov khoom paub, cov yam ntxwv ntawm infrared radiation ntawm tej yam khoom yog paub. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau emissivity yog: hom khoom, nto roughness, lub cev thiab tshuaj qauv, thiab cov khoom thickness.
Thaum siv tus pas ntsuas kub infrared los ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub ntawm lub hom phiaj, nws yog thawj zaug uas yuav tsum ntsuas tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob infrared ntawm lub hom phiaj nyob rau hauv nws cov band range, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov ntsuas kub ntawm lub hom phiaj ntsuas yog xam los ntawm tus pas ntsuas kub. Ib qho monochromatic pyrometer yog proportional rau tus nqi hluav taws xob hauv ib pawg; ib tug ob-xim pyrometer yog proportional rau qhov piv ntawm tus nqi hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv ob bands.
