Lub ntsuas kub li cas siv rau hauv kub dov?
1. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus
Txhua yam khoom uas muaj qhov kub siab tshaj xoom yog tas li emitting infrared hluav taws xob hluav taws xob mus rau qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig. Infrared hluav taws xob cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib yam khoom: qhov loj ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab nws qhov kev faib tawm raws li lub wavelength muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog nws qhov kub thiab txias. Yog li, los ntawm kev ntsuas lub zog infrared radiated los ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej, nws qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem txiav txim siab, uas yog lub hauv paus rau kev ntsuas kub ntawm infrared radiation.
Infrared tus pas ntsuas kub, tseem hu ua infrared radiation kub ntsuas, yog ib lub tshuab uas siv cov hluav taws xob infrared tawm los ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej los ntsuas qhov kub ntawm cov khoom. Infrared hluav taws xob lossis hluav taws xob infrared yog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nrog lub wavelength ntawm 0.76 μm thiab 1000 μm. Rau lub cev dub zoo tagnrho, tag nrho cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm tag nrho cov wavelengths emissions ib cheeb tsam ntawm thaj chaw mus rau qhov chaw hemispherical (abbreviated li tag nrho cov hluav taws xob los yog hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob) yog 4 npaug ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov khoom. Proportional rau lub zog:
Mb(T)=σT4(1)
Qhov no yog txoj cai Stephen-Boltzmann. Ntawm lawv, σ=5.6697 ×10-8W/m2K4 yog hu ua Stephen-Boltzmann tas li.
Kev sib npaug (1) yog siv rau cov khoom tiag thiab yuav tsum tau muab faib ua qhov emissivity:
Mgb(T) =εσT4
Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov emission siv qhov hnyav Mgb (T) ntawm txhua yam khoom muaj feem xyuam nrog qhov kub ntawm qhov khoom thiab qhov emissivity ntawm cov khoom. Lub emissivity ε ntawm ib yam khoom muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau nws cov khoom siv (kev sib xyaw, hlau thiab tsis yog hlau, siv lead ua thiab amorphous, thiab lwm yam), lub xeev nto (nqus thiab ntxhib nto, qib ntawm oxidation, muaj kuab paug lossis txheej txheej, thiab lwm yam) thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov khoom. Ntev npaum li qhov emissivity ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem raug xaiv kom raug, qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov khoom ntsuas tau raug raug.
Infrared tus pas ntsuas kub yog tsim los ntawm peb qhov chaw: kho qhov muag, chav kuaj pom thiab ua cov teeb liab. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab kho qhov muag yog txhawm rau sau cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm lub hom phiaj ntsuas thiab ua kom nws hloov mus rau lub ntsuas hluav taws xob infrared. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob infrared yog los hloov cov hluav taws xob tau txais infrared rau hauv hluav taws xob teeb liab tso zis.
