Yuav ua li cas fluorescence microscopy txawv ntawm laser confocal microscopy
Fluorescence microscope
1, fluorescence microscope yog siv lub teeb ci ultraviolet ua lub teeb ci, siv rau irradiate cov khoom los kuaj xyuas, kom nws tawm fluorescence, thiab tom qab ntawd saib cov duab ntawm cov khoom thiab nws qhov chaw nyob hauv qab lub tshuab tsom. Fluorescence microscope yog siv los kawm txog kev nqus, kev thauj mus los, kev faib tawm thiab thaj chaw ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov hlwb. Qee yam khoom hauv lub cell, xws li chlorophyll, tuaj yeem fluoresce tom qab irradiation los ntawm lub teeb ultraviolet; muaj qee yam khoom uas tsis tuaj yeem fluoresce los ntawm lawv tus kheej, tab sis yog stained nrog fluorescent dyes lossis fluorescent antibodies, lawv tuaj yeem fluoresce tom qab irradiation los ntawm ultraviolet lub teeb, thiab fluorescence microscopy yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej rau kev tshawb fawb zoo thiab ntau yam ntawm cov khoom no.
2, fluorescence microscope txoj cai:
(A) lub teeb qhov chaw: lub teeb qhov chaw radiates ntau wavelengths ntawm lub teeb (nyob rau hauv ultraviolet rau infrared).
(B) excitation lim qhov chaw: los ntawm cov qauv tuaj yeem tsim cov fluorescence ntawm lub teeb tshwj xeeb ntawm lub teeb, thaum thaiv qhov excitation ntawm fluorescence tsis siv lub teeb.
(C) Cov qauv fluorescent: feem ntau stained nrog fluorochrome.
(D) Thaiv cov ntxaij lim dej: thaiv tawm lub teeb pom kev zoo uas tsis nqus los ntawm cov qauv kom xaiv cov fluorescence, thiab qee qhov wavelengths hauv cov fluorescence kuj tau xaiv kis. Lub microscope uas siv lub teeb ultraviolet ua lub teeb ci los ua cov khoom irradiated fluoresce. Lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob tau tsim thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1931 hauv Berlin, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees los ntawm Knorr thiab Haroska. Lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob no siv lub teeb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ceev ceev tsis yog lub teeb ci. Vim hais tias lub wavelength ntawm lub electron kwj yog luv dua lub teeb yoj, yog li qhov magnification ntawm electron microscope tuaj yeem ncav cuag 800,000 zaug, qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 0.2 nanometers . Xyoo 1963 tau pib siv lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom me me.
3, Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov: siv los nthuav cov duab ntawm cov khoom me me. Feem ntau siv hauv biology, tshuaj, microscopic hais thiab lwm yam kev soj ntsuam.
Confocal microscope
1, confocal microscope nyob rau hauv lub teeb pom kev ntawm txoj kev ntxiv rau ib nrab-reflective ib nrab-lens, yuav tau los ntawm lub lens ntawm lub teeb pom kev folded nyob rau hauv lwm cov lus qhia, nyob rau hauv nws tsom rau ib tug baffle nrog ib tug pinhole, lub qhov nyob rau hauv qhov tsom, tom qab lub baffle yog lub raj photomultiplier. Nws tuaj yeem xav txog tias lub teeb pom kev ua ntej thiab tom qab lub focal point ntawm lub teeb pom kev los ntawm cov txheej txheem confocal, yuav tsis tuaj yeem tsom mus rau lub qhov me me, yuav raug thaiv los ntawm baffle. Yog li lub photometer ntsuas qhov siv ntawm lub teeb pom kev ntawm lub focal point.
2, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: lub tsom iav tsom iav ib txwm siv lub teeb pom kev zoo, cov duab ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm cov qauv yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov sib txawv lossis tawg ntawm lub teeb los ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyob sib ze; laser scanning confocal microscope siv lub laser beam los ntawm lub illuminating pinhole los tsim ib tug point qhov chaw ntawm lub teeb ntawm lub specimen nyob rau hauv lub focal dav hlau ntawm lub scanning ntawm txhua lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub specimen, lub specimen yog irradiated, nyob rau hauv lub nrhiav kom tau ntawm lub pinhole ntawm lub imaging. , los ntawm kev tshawb pom ntawm lub pinhole tom qab lub photomultiplier raj (PMT) los yog txias electrocoupling ntaus ntawv (cCCD) taw tes los ntawm taw tes los yog taw tes los ntawm taw tes los yog taw tes los ntawm taw tes, lub teeb siv yog ntsuas los ntawm ib tug photometer. cCCD) tau txais qhov taw tes los ntawm taw tes lossis kab los ntawm kab, thiab tsim cov duab fluorescent sai ntawm lub khoos phis tawj saib lub vijtsam. Illumination pinhole thiab nrhiav pom pinhole txheeb ze rau lub dav hlau focal ntawm lub hom phiaj lens yog conjugate, taw tes rau ntawm lub dav hlau focal tib lub sij hawm tsom rau lub illumination pinhole thiab emission pinhole, taw tes sab nraum lub focal dav hlau yuav tsis nyob rau hauv lub detection pinhole ntawm cov duab, yog li ntawd cov duab confocal yog cov qauv ntawm optical cross-section, overcoming lub shortcomings ntawm qhov muag plooj dluab ntawm dog dig microscopes.
3, Daim ntawv thov teb: tshuaj, tsiaj txhu thiab nroj tsuag kev tshawb fawb, biochemistry, bacteriology, cell biology, nqaij embryology, zaub mov science, noob caj noob ces, pharmacology, physiology, optics, pathology, botany, neuroscience, marine biology, ntaub ntawv science, electronics science, mechanics, Petroleum geology, mineralogy.
