Yuav ua li cas koj siv lub multimeter kom paub seb lub transistor triode yog silicon raj lossis germanium raj?
Kev txheeb xyuas cov transistor, koj tuaj yeem siv multimeter los txiav txim siab nws cov polarity, los txiav txim seb nws puas yog silicon raj lossis germanium raj, thiab tib lub sijhawm kom paub qhov txawv ntawm nws cov pins. Rau cov raj uas tsis muaj zog, kev txiav txim feem ntau tsuas yog tsim nyog siv R × 1K thaiv. Cov kauj ruam yog raws li nram no.
(1) Kev ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Cov cwjmem liab thiab dub los ntsuas qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm ob tus pins, thiab tom qab ntawd cov cwj mem liab thiab dub tseem ntsuas qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm ob tus pins no, ob qhov kev ntsuas ntawm kev nyeem ntawv kuj sib txawv, qhov kev nyeem ntawv ntawm kev ntsuas me me yog hu ua qhov zoo, qhov kev nyeem ntawv ntawm qhov kev ntsuas loj yog hu ua countermeasurement.
(2) txiav txim lub hauv paus.
Lub transistor yuav yog peb tus pin ntawm 1, 2, 3. Multimeter rau peb qhov kev ntsuas, uas yog, 1-2, 2-3, 3-1, txhua qhov muab faib ua qhov ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Cov kev ntsuas rau qhov no, muaj peb qhov kev ntsuas zoo, thiab kev nyeem ntawv kuj txawv. Nrhiav qhov zoo tiv thaiv ntawm tus pin loj tshaj plaws, xws li 1-2, lwm tus pin 3 yog lub hauv paus. Txij li thaum lub semiconductor transistor yog ob diodes txuas inversely. Emitter, collector thiab lub hauv paus ntawm qhov zoo kuj ntawm cov dav dav diode rau pem hauv ntej kuj, me me heev. Thaum ob tus cwj mem txuas nrog rau cov khoom siv thiab cov emitter, tus nqi kuj tseem loj dua li qhov dav dav diode rau pem hauv ntej tsis kam.
(3) Kev ntxub ntxaug polarity.
Tus cwj mem dub txuas nrog lub hauv paus uas tau txheeb xyuas, tus cwj mem liab txuas nrog lwm tus ncej arbitrary, yog tias qhov kev ntsuam xyuas zoo, tom qab ntawd NPN raj, yog tias qhov kev sim rov qab, ces PNP raj. Qhov no yog vim hais tias tus cwj mem dub txuas nrog qhov kawg ntawm lub roj teeb hauv lub multimeter, xws li kev ntsuas qhov zoo, tus cwj mem dub txuas nrog rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg P, lub transistor yog hom NPN. Yog tias qhov ntsuas rov qab, tus cwj mem dub txuas nrog N lub davhlau ya nyob twg, lub transistor yog hom PNP.
(4) Txiav txim siab lub collector thiab emitter.
Kev ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm lub hauv paus, rau NPN raj, tus cwj mem dub txuas nrog rau cov khoom siv, rau PNP raj, tus cwj mem dub txuas nrog lub emitter. Qhov no yog vim hais tias tsis hais qhov zoo lossis qhov ntsuas qhov tsis zoo, muaj PN junction nyob rau hauv thim rov qab, feem ntau ntawm cov roj teeb voltage poob rau ntawm qhov rov qab PN junction. Emitting junction zoo bias, teem Circuit Court thim rov qab bias thaum lub ndlwg ntawm tam sim no loj, nthuav qhia me me kuj. Yog li ntawd, rau NPN cov raj, thaum qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov emitter me me, cov khoom siv txuas nrog rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg zoo ntawm lub roj teeb, uas yog, txuas nrog tus cwj mem dub. PNP raj, thaum qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm cov khoom siv me me, cov emitter txuas nrog tus cwj mem dub.
(5) txheeb xyuas lub raj silicon lossis germanium raj.
Lub hauv paus ntawm lub emitter ua qhov ntsuas qhov zoo, yog tias tus pointer deflection ntawm 1/2 txog 3/5, yog lub raj silicon. Yog hais tias tus pointer deflection ntawm ntau tshaj 4/5, yog lub germanium raj. Qhov no yog vim lub resistor nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub emitter rau qhov zoo ntsuas, qhov voltage ntxiv rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub emitter yog Ube=(1-n / N) E, E=1. 5 V yog lub roj teeb voltage, N yog linear scale ntawm ib tug DC voltage ntawm tag nrho cov compartments, n yog tus naj npawb ntawm deflection ntawm rab koob nyob rau hauv lub scale ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm compartments. Feem ntau silicon raj U {{10}}.6 ~ 0.7 V, germanium raj Ube=0.2 ~ 0.3 V. Yog li ntawd, hauv kev sim, rau lub raj silicon , n/N yog 1/2 ~ 3/5; rau germanium raj, n / N yog li 4/5 lossis ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau kev sib cais ntawm lub zog me me, lub multimeter yuav tsum tsis txhob siv R × 10 lossis R × 1 block. Rau 500- hom multimeter los ntsuas lub raj silicon los piav qhia, qhov kev tiv thaiv sab hauv ntawm lub rooj hauv R × 10 thaiv yog 100 Ω, silicon raj b - e ncej rau qhov ntsuas qhov zoo, tam sim no mus txog Ibe { {30}} (1.5 - 0.7)/100=8 mA, ntsuas ntawm germanium hlab thaum tam sim no kuj loj, nrog rau R × 1 thaiv tam sim no ntau dua, tej zaum yuav muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub transistor. Raws li rau R × 1 K block, lub block roj teeb voltage siab dua, ntau dua 1 V, 12 V, 15 V, 22.5 V thiab lwm yam ntawm ntau yam kev ntsuas yuav ua rau PN hlws ris tawg, yog li qhov thaiv no kuj tseem siv nrog. ceev faj.
