Qhov sib txawv ntawm fluorescence microscope thiab laser confocal microscope
fluorescent microscope
1. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob fluorescence siv lub teeb ci ultraviolet ua lub teeb ci, uas yog siv los irradiate cov khoom kuaj pom kom nws tawm fluorescence, thiab tom qab ntawd saib cov duab thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom hauv qab lub tshuab tsom. Fluorescence microscope yog siv los kawm txog kev nqus, kev thauj mus los, kev faib tawm thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov hlwb. Qee yam khoom hauv hlwb, xws li chlorophyll, tuaj yeem fluoresce tom qab irradiated los ntawm ultraviolet rays; Lwm yam khoom tsis tuaj yeem fluoresce los ntawm lawv tus kheej, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem fluoresce tom qab dyed nrog fluorescent dyes lossis fluorescent antibodies thiab irradiated los ntawm ultraviolet rays. Fluorescence microscope yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej rau kev tshawb fawb zoo thiab ntau yam ntawm cov tshuaj no.
2, fluorescence microscope txoj cai:
(a) Lub teeb qhov chaw: Lub teeb qhov chaw radiates lub teeb ntawm ntau lub wavelengths (los ntawm ultraviolet mus rau infrared).
(b) Excitation filter light source: transmission light with a specific wavelength that can make the sample fluoresce, thaum thaiv lub teeb uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau excitation fluorescence.
(c) Fluorescent specimens: feem ntau stained nrog fluorescent pigments.
(d) Blocking filter: thaiv lub teeb excitation tsis absorbed los ntawm cov qauv mus xaiv kis fluorescence, thiab ib co wavelengths nyob rau hauv lub fluorescence kuj xaiv kis tau. Lub microscope uas siv lub teeb ultraviolet ua lub teeb ci los ua kom cov khoom irradiated emit fluorescence. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshuab hluav taws xob tau ua ntej los ntawm Knohl thiab Ha Roska hauv Berlin hauv xyoo 1931. Lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob no siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab ceev hloov lub teeb. Vim hais tias lub wavelength ntawm electron ntws yog luv dua li ntawm lub teeb yoj, qhov magnification ntawm electron microscope tuaj yeem ncav cuag 800 txhiab zaus, thiab qhov kev daws teeb meem tsawg kawg yog 0.2 nanometer. Lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob tshuab hluav taws xob, uas tau pib siv xyoo 1963, tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg pom cov qauv me me ntawm cov khoom.
3. Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov: siv los nthuav cov duab ntawm cov khoom me me. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm biology, tshuaj thiab microscopic hais.
Confocal microscope
1. Confocal microscope ntxiv ib semi-reflective semi-lens ntawm txoj kev kho qhov muag ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, uas cuam tshuam lub teeb pom kev zoo uas tau dhau los ntawm lub lens mus rau lwm qhov kev taw qhia. Nyob rau ntawm nws lub hom phiaj, muaj ib tug baffle nrog ib tug pinhole, thiab lub pinhole yog nyob rau ntawm lub tsom. Tom qab lub baffle yog ib lub raj photomultiplier. Nws tuaj yeem xav txog tias lub teeb pom kev ua ntej thiab tom qab lub teeb pom kev ntawm lub teeb pom kev dhau los ntawm qhov system confocal, thiab yuav tsis tsom rau lub qhov me me, tab sis yuav raug thaiv los ntawm baffle. Yog li lub photometer ntsuas qhov kev siv ntawm lub teeb pom kev ntawm qhov tsom.
2. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Lub tshuab kho qhov muag ib txwm siv lub teeb pom kev hauv thaj chaw, thiab cov duab ntawm txhua qhov taw qhia ntawm cov qauv yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov sib txawv lossis tawg ntawm lub teeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas nyob ib sab; Lub laser scanning confocal microscope scans txhua qhov taw tes ntawm lub dav hlau focal hauv cov qauv los ntawm kev siv lub teeb pom kev zoo uas tsim los ntawm laser beam dhau los ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo. Lub ntsiab lus irradiated ntawm tus qauv yog duab ntawm qhov kev tshawb pom tus pinhole, uas tau txais taw tes los ntawm taw tes lossis kab los ntawm taw tes los ntawm photomultiplier raj (PMT) lossis cov khoom sib txuas txias (cCCD) tom qab kuaj pom tus pinhole, thiab cov duab fluorescent tau tsim sai sai rau. lub computer saib screen. Lub illumination pinhole thiab nrhiav pom tus pinhole yog conjugate nrog rau focal dav hlau ntawm lub hom phiaj lens, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub focal dav hlau tsom rau lub illumination pinhole thiab lub emission pinhole tib lub sij hawm, thiab cov ntsiab lus sab nraum lub focal dav hlau yuav tsis ua duab nyob rau ntawm qhov nrhiav kom pom pinhole, yog li ntawd cov duab confocal tau txais yog qhov kho qhov muag hla ntu ntawm cov qauv, uas kov yeej qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov duab tsis pom tseeb ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav.
3. Daim ntawv thov teb: koom nrog tshuaj, tsiaj txhu thiab nroj tsuag kev tshawb fawb, biochemistry, bacteriology, cell biology, cov ntaub so ntswg thiab embryo, zaub mov science, noob caj noob ces, pharmacology, physiology, optics, pathology, botany, neuroscience, marine biology, ntaub ntawv science, hluav taws xob science, mechanics, petroleum geology thiab mineralogy.
