Cov tsom iav kho qhov muag thiab ze-teb tsom tsom
Qhov ze-teb tsom tsom rau lub tshuab tsom iav yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv kho kho qhov muag. Nws tsis siv cov iav lo ntsiab muag rau kev yees duab, tab sis siv cov kev soj ntsuam qhov kev soj ntsuam kom scan saum toj no cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov qauv saum npoo. Ntsuam xyuas cov ntsiab lus lub cev ntawm kev ua lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv tsom iav thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm ob lub tshuab tsom caj dab. Cim kev tsim qauv ntawm fiber ntau optic probes. Qhov tsom kwm yog nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab cai ntawm ze mus nrhiav kom pom, kho qhov ntau qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov chaw tsis hluav taws xob.
Tsoos tsom kwm kho qhov muag yog cov tswv cuab qub ntawm lub tshuab tsom kwm ntawm lub tshuab tsom kwm, nrog keeb kwm ntawm ntau pua pua xyoo. Nws siv los ua tib txoj kev ntawm kev saib xyuas cov qauv me me. Tsoos tsom teeb tsom duab ib txwm muaj feem ntau siv cov iav lo ntsiab muag pom kom loj dua lossis cov khoom siv duab. Feem ntau hais lus, ib lub lens nkaus xwb tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog ntau lub sijhawm, thiab siv cov ntsiab muag yuav luag ua rau nws ua tau ze li ntawm ib txhiab zaus. Cov nyhuv txawv ntawm lub teeb txwv qhov muaj peev xwm txhim kho kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev tawm tsam kho qhov muag. Qhov no yog cov rayleigh daws cov kev txwv tsis pub tshaj.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm kev saib xyuas kho qhov muag
Tsoos tsom iav tsom tsom iav yog tsim ntawm cov iav lo ntsiab muag. Los ntawm kev siv cov ntsuas hluav taws xob kom ua haujlwm tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov curvature ntawm lub lens, cov khoom pom tau pom yog magnified kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshaj tawm ntawm lub tsom iav kho qhov muag tsis tau muaj kev sib cav sib ceg, raws li nws tau txwv los ntawm qhov kho qhov muag tsis pub tshaj.
Qhov twg r deb ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus, λ yog nthwv dej, N yog qhov ntsuas qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub lens uas sau thiab tsom mus rau lub nqaj mus rau lub ntes. Nws qhia txog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus tuaj yeem yog qhov txawv, uas tau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov kev ntsuas ntawm cov kev xav txog kev xav. Qhov kev sib luag saum toj no qhia tau tias txhawm rau txhim kho kev daws teeb meem (yog tias UV electromagnetic hluav taws xob ( (2) txhawm rau txhim kho n, ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov ntawv sau ua haujlwm siab. Nov yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no ntawm cov metici motice, tsim los ntawm amiici thaum nruab nrab {3}} th tiam. (3) Nce lub aperture kaum ntawm lub tsom iav. Electron microscopes siv hluav taws xob cit es tsis txhob siv hluav taws xob teeb, txhim kho kev daws teeb meem zoo heev. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias kev siv duab rayleigh yog raws li kev xav ntawm kev tawm suab tsis. Yog tias tsis yog cov duab hluav taws xob tau tuaj yeem kuaj pom, nws yuav tsum zam kom zam dhau txoj kev sib tw rayleigh thiab tawg tag los ntawm cov kev txwv ntawm cov kev txwv ntawm kev sib txawv.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ze-teb tsom tsom
Peb tuaj yeem nkag siab cov kev xav ua hauv qab no: Thaum siv hluav taws xob tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv lub teeb, nws yog xav tau thiab tau txais los ntawm qee qhov muag lossis lub koob yees duab). Vim tias qhov tseeb tias kev ua kab mob trajectory thiab cov naj npawb ntawm cov ntu muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom, cov ntaub ntawv teev muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom. Peb hu lub projection ntawm lub hom phiaj ib 'duab'. Lub cev, khoom thiab cov duab thiab cov duab tsis tshua muaj ntau yam: cov khoom feem ntau yog peb-seem; Thiab feem ntau yog feem ntau yog ob-seem Qhov kev siv lub cev no feem ntau yog lub teeb siv, raws li detectors yog tsuas rhiab rau lub teeb siv. Yog tias peb hloov cov khoom nws tus kheej nrog lub teeb thaj chaw ntsig txog qhov khoom, peb tuaj yeem kawm txog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov duab dav hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, thawj lo lus nug uas yuav tsum tau teb yog: Dab tsi yog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov khoom thiab nws lub teeb ci? Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, Maxwell txoj kev sib luag muab txoj hauv kev los kawm cov teeb meem no: Kev faib hluav taws xob tam sim no lossis them nyiaj ntau hauv qhov khoom ntawm kev txiav txim sab nraud ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab nraud; Cov nqi Oscillating thiab cov nyom yuav ua rau cov kev hloov pauv hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, tso cai rau nws kom propagate los ntawm ib qho khoom rau sab nraud. Raws li lub ntsiab cai ntawm kev txuas ntxiv, nws zoo li muaj qhov sib txuas lus tias kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm cov khoom. Vim tias qhov tseeb tias kev faib tawm ntawm cov nqi them lossis cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nthwv dej me me (feem ntau tsawg dua li ntawm cov khoom "tsuas yog hloov pauv ntawm qhov tsis sib xws.
