Ib qho hnyav network rau lub suab ntsuas ntsuas
Yuav kom simulate qhov sib txawv rhiab heev ntawm tib neeg auditory xaav ntawm txawv frequencies, ib tug network yog ntsia nyob rau hauv lub suab theem meter uas yuav simulate lub auditory yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg thiab kho cov hluav taws xob teeb liab rau kwv yees li auditory xaav. Lub network no hu ua lub network hnyav. Lub suab siab ntsuas ntsuas los ntawm qhov hnyav network tsis yog lub hom phiaj lub cev muaj nuj nqis ntawm lub suab siab (hu ua linear sound pressure level), tab sis lub suab siab kho rau kev hnov lus, hu ua weighted sound level lossis suab nrov.
Weighted parameters, tseem hu ua weighted parameters, yog qhov ntsuas tsis tau ntsuas tom qab ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas zaus kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis muaj qhov hnyav hauv lub xeev cov lus teb tiaj tus. Piv txwv li, teeb liab-rau- suab nrov piv. Raws li lub ntsiab lus, peb ntsuas lub suab nrov (uas tuaj yeem yog lub zog, qhov hluav taws xob, lossis tam sim no) ntawm cov teeb liab ntsuas. Qhov piv ntawm qhov ntsuas qib rau lub suab nrov yog lub teeb liab-rau-nruab nrab piv. Yog tias nws yog tus nqi decibel, peb suav qhov sib txawv ntawm ob. Qhov no yog qhov tsis muaj teeb meem-rau-suab nrov piv. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj peev xwm sib txawv ntawm tib neeg lub pob ntseg ntawm lub suab nrov hauv ntau zaus sib txawv, nws yog qhov nkag siab rau qhov nruab nrab zaus ib ncig ntawm 3kHz thiab me ntsis rhiab rau qis thiab siab zaus. Yog li ntawd, tsis quav ntsej txog qhov hnyav-rau-nruab piv piv yuav tsis tas yuav tsum phim qhov kev xav ntawm tib neeg lub pob ntseg ntawm cov suab nrov.
Yuav ua li cas koom ua ke cov txiaj ntsig ntsuas nrog cov kev xav tau kev xav? Yog li ntawd muaj qhov sib npaug network, lossis qhov hnyav network, uas ua rau qis qis qis thiab siab zaus, ua rau nruab nrab zaus ntau dua. Los ntawm kev sib txuas qhov hnyav network ntawm cov cuab yeej kuaj thiab ntsuas ntsuas, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov suab nrov nruab nrab hauv cov khoom siv yuav "ua kom nrov" los ntawm lub network. Hauv lwm lo lus, lub suab nrov nruab nrab uas muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau kev hnov lus tau txais qhov hnyav dua. Qhov ntsuas lub teeb liab-rau-lub suab nrov nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog hu ua qhov hnyav-rau-suab nrov piv, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntau dua rau tib neeg kev hnov lus pom.
Raws li qhov hnyav network siv, lawv raug xa mus rau A-level, B-level, thiab C-level, nrog rau cov units denoted li dB (A), dB (B), thiab dB (C). A-weighted suab theem simulates tus yam ntxwv zaus ntawm lub suab nrov qis qis qis dua 55dB rau tib neeg pob ntseg, B-hnyav suab theem simulates tus yam ntxwv zaus ntawm lub suab nrov nruab nrab ntawm 55dB thiab 85dB, thiab C-weighted suab theem simulates tus yam ntxwv zaus ntawm suab nrov nrov. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm peb yog qib ntawm attenuation ntawm tsawg zaus ntawm lub suab nrov, nrog A muaj ntau attenuation, ua raws li B, thiab C muaj tsawg attenuation. A-weighted suab theem yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub suab nrov ntsuas thoob ntiaj teb vim nws cov yam ntxwv nkhaus nyob ze rau lub auditory yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg. Ntau lub teb chaws txoj cai hais txog suab nrov siv A-hnyav suab qib raws li qhov taw qhia.
